Radiographic Pathology for Technologist Chapter 5 Abdomen and Gastrointestinal

Radiographic Pathology for Technologist Chapter 5 Abdomen and Gastrointestinal Exam Review 2023 A+ Hirschsprung disease & what happens if left untreated? - ANS-- Refers to the absence of neurons in the distal large bowel wall, typically in the sigmoid colon - Toxic megacolon develops from bacterial overgrowth leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalances What is the olive sign? - ANS-Hypertrophied pyloric muscle Leiomyomas - ANS-smooth muscle tumors Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) / What is the standard is highly accurate method used to Dx ( no radiation is used) - ANS-A congenital anomaly of the stomach in which the pyloric canal leading out of the stomach is greatly narrowed - Sonography is the standard Atresia - ANS-absence of a normal body opening; occlusion; closure Esophageal atresia and Symptoms - ANS-congenital absence or closure of a normal body orifice Esophagus fails to develop at some point Sign: are visible soon after birth and include excessive salivation, choking, gagging, dyspnea, and cyanosis Duodenal atresia - ANS-Congenital anomaly in which the lumen of the duodenum does not exist. Sign: Double bubble Ileal atresia - ANS-congenital discontinuation of the ileum. most frequent type of bowel atresia Colonic atresia - ANS-congenital failure of development of the distal rectum and anus Urea breath test - ANS-Preformed on patients with gastric ulcers to identify the presence of H-pylori Peptic ulcer - ANS-an erosion of the mucous membrane of the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum, caused in part by the corrosive action of the gastric juice. Mechanical bowel obstruction - ANS-in which the lumen of the bowel becomes occluded, as might occur for a variety of reasons such as hernias, tumors, volvulus, intussusceptions, or post operative adhesions How to tell Crohns from ulcerative colitis - ANS- CONTINUES...