C100 - Study Guide questions and answers.

Humanities study of humans, their culture and ideas. Eros erotic love agape platonic love Myth traditional stories of a people or culture that server to explain some natural phenomenon, the origin of humanity, or customs or religious rites Aesthetic Experience an experience of beauty that inspires a feeling of pleasure which is its own justification Beauty qualities that give pleasure to the senses. might be found (for example) in nature, the human face, a musical composition, or customs or religious rites. Archetype age-old models by which we comprehend human experience Classical Period Major Themes Balance Truth/Reason Democracy/Republic Polytheism Humanism Homer wrote: Iliad and Odyssey Sappho wrote: A Lament for Adonis Sophocles wrote: Oedipus Rex Aristophanes wrote Lysistrata (women who withheld sex from their husbands to end conflict) Kouros an archaic Greek statue of a young man, standing and often naked. Renaissance Period Major Themes Rebirth of Classicism Humanism Rationalism/Scientific Expansion Expansion of University System Individualism/Self-Fashioning Reformation Rebirth of Classicism embraced the following concepts: 1. humanism 2. reason, rationalism, and scientific expansion 3. balance Niccolò Machiavelli wrote The Prince Baldassare Castiglione wrote The Courtier Advances in Renaissance Art linear perspective, vanishing points, and chiaroscuro Chairoscuro the creation go the illusion of depth through gradations of light and shade. Madrigal A polyphonic vocal work, usually written for four or five voices, setting a pastoral poem to music, performed without instrumental accompaniment, and intended for secular use. Renaissance Man a term describing an individual with broad knowledge and versatile talents spanning many intellectual and artistic disciplines The Enlightenment/Neoclassical Period Major Themes Skepticism Rationalism Empiricism Order Deism Classicism Skepticism A philosophy which suggests that nothing can ever be known for certain. Rationalism A point of view that emphasizes the role of reason, over the senses, in gaining knowledge. Empiricism Philosophical doctrine that says all knowledge is derived from our senses. Deism The belief that God created the natural laws that govern nature but does not directly intervene or interfere in any way. Exemplary Philosophers of the Enlightenment period Jean-Jacques Rousseau Denis Diderot John Locke Mary Wollstonecraft Denis Diderot Philosopher who edited a book called the Encyclopedia which was banned by the French king and pope. Mary Wollstonecraft A Vindication of the Rights of Women, argued that women were capable of rationality Innovation of the Enlightenment the novel Jonathan Swift wrote: Gulliver's Travels, A Modest Proposal Voltaire wrote: Candide Molière wrote: the play Tartuffe Oath of the Horatii painted by Jacques-Louis David Watson and the Shark painted by John Singleton Copley William Hunter and Jan van Rymsdyk whose drawings contributed to the study of the female reproduction process. Child in Womb Romantic Period Major Themes Nationalism Exoticism Revoultion Heroism Passion Individualism Nature