AOTA NBCOT Exam Prep - Wheelchair Seating & Mobility

Who are the members of the team for prescribing seating and wheeled mobility systems? - ANSWER-1. Client 2. Physiatrist 3. OT or PT 4. Rehab engineer 5. Assistive technology vendor What are the 7 steps of the service delivery process for seating and mobility systems? - ANSWER-1. Referral 2. Evaluation of need 3. Recommendations for seating and mobility system, including client's compliance 4. Documentation of need 5. Ordering system 6. Fitting to client 7. In clinic and environmental training with client and caregiver What is a propped sitter? - ANSWER-Client lacks the ability to sit without support. Total body support is required of the seating system for posture and repositioning. Where is support needed on the body in order for a hands dependent sitter to free their hands for functional use? - ANSWER-Pelvic and trunk When determining a client's musculoskeletal and neuromuscular capacities in prep for w/c fitting, an OT may notice a deformity. What should he/she do to determine whether or not the deformity is flexible or inflexible? - ANSWER-Apply manual pressure What is pelvic obliquity? - ANSWER-One side of the pelvis is lower than the other side, which can lead to scoliotic posture and pressure ulcers on the ischial tuberosity. What is kyphosis and what would typically happen to client sitting in seat or w/c? - ANSWER-The pelvis rotates posteriorly, resulting in sacral sitting and flexion of the lumbar spine; clients tend to slide forward on the seat. What is lordosis and what do clients typically do when sitting? - ANSWER-Lordosis: The pelvis rotates anteriorly, increasing the curvature of the lumbar spine; clients tend to use upper extremities for support. What is windswept deformity? - ANSWER-The pelvis rotates laterally, with the thighs moving to the other side. What two positions should OT assess UEs and LEs for w/c fitting? - ANSWER-Seated & supine What is the reference seated position? - ANSWER-The trunk is upright and in midline position; the hips, knees, and ankles are flexed to 90°; the pelvis is in neutral; the head is in midpo- sition; and the arms are at the side of the trunk with the elbows flexed to 90° What two body parts provide the base of support when seated? - ANSWER-Pelvis and thighs If a foam cushion is too soft what will happen? - ANSWER-The client may compress it making it useless for pressure management What are the advantages and disadvantages for a foam cushion? - ANSWER-They're lightweight and low cost but heat and moisture can build up What are the advantages and disadvantages for a custom contoured foam cushion? - ANSWER-They provide better postural control but are more expensive and weight shifting capability is reduced What are the advantages and disadvantages for a gel cushion? - ANSWER-They conform to the shape of the buttocks & they are adequate for postural control but they are sensitive to temperature What are the advantages and disadvantages for an air filled cushion? - ANSWER-These cushions are lightweight; they provide even pressure relief but have to be prop- erly inflated to perform well. They also reduce postural stability. What are the advantages and disadvantages for a honeycomb-shaped plastic cushion? - ANSWER-The cushions are lightweight but provide uneven pressure relief What is a hybrid cushion? - ANSWER-Incorporate a combo of materials typically foam and gel Whats an alternating pressure cushion? - ANSWER-These cushions provide scheduled pressure relief through alternating levels of inflation and deflation; they also reduce postural stability. What is a pelvic stabilizer? - ANSWER-Positioned at the front of the pelvis to limit pelvic tilt, rotation, or obliquity. What is a thoracic trunk support? - ANSWER-Placed lateral to the trunk and below the armpit to facilitate trunk stability and prevent or slow scoliosis What is an anterior trunk support? - ANSWER-Situated below the top and above the bot- tom of the breastbone.