BIOL 250 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Fall 2023 Final Exam: Attempt Score - 93 / 100 - 93 %
W16: Comprehensive Final Exam - Results Attempt Score - 93 / 100 - 93 % Question 1 1 / 1 point Which of the following are considered primary requirements of life for a multi-celled organism? Question options: Oxygen Water and other nutrients A controlled temperature in which to live A narrow range of atmospheric pressure All the above are primary requirements of life for a multi-celled organism. Question 2 1 / 1 point Which of the following statements is(are) correct when discussing homeostasis? Question options: Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously monitor its internal conditions. A sensor, also referred to a receptor, is a component of a feedback system that monitors a physiological value. This value is then reported to the control center. The control center is the component in a feedback system that compares the value to the normal range. If there is a condition that needs to be changed, an effector is the component in a feedback system that causes a change to reverse the situation and return the value to the normal range. All of the above are correct/true. Question 3 1 / 1 point What is the position of the body when it is in the "normal anatomical position?" Question options: The person is supine with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching at sides. The person is standing facing the observer, with upper limbs extended straight up and lower limbs close together. The person is standing facing the observer, with upper limbs extended out at a ninety-degree angle from the torso and lower limbs in a wide stance with feet pointing laterally. The person is prone with upper limbs, including palms, touching sides and lower limbs touching at sides.The person is standing facing the observer, with upper limbs extended down and palms of both hands facing forward and with the lower limbs close together with toes pointing straight forward. Question 4 1 / 1 point The smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism is a(an): Question options: organ atom tissue cell molecule Question 5 1 / 1 point The following are all levels of the structural organization of the human body: 1. Organ 2. Organ system 3. Tissue 4. Cell 5. Chemical level Arrange the above levels from least complex to most complex: Question options: 5, 4, 3, 1, 2 4, 5, 1, 2, 3 5, 4, 6, 2, 1 3, 4, 1, 2, 5 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Question 6 1 / 1 point Humans have the most urgent need for a continuous supply of ________. Question options: water a controlled temperature oxygen nitrogen food Question 7 1 / 1 point The lambdoid suture joins the parietal bone to the ________. Question options:temporal bone other parietal bone occipital bone maxillary bone frontal bone Question 8 1 / 1 point Which of the following is a bone of the brain case? Question options: lacrimal bone zygomatic bone maxillary bone parietal bone mandible Question 9 1 / 1 point The skeleton is divided into two major divisions, the __________________. Question options: Trunk and extremities Skull and trunk Axial and appendicular Arms and legs Skull and everything else Question 10 1 / 1 point The thoracic cage protects the ______. Question options: Liver and stomach Chest and kidneys Heart and lungs Heart and kidneysAbdomen and chest Question 11 1 / 1 point Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton? Question options: vertebral column thigh bone shoulder bones arm bone foot bones Question 12 1 / 1 point In terms of the anatomy of the skull, a suture is ______________. Question options: Completely fixed and solid at the time of an infant's birth. An external structure that coincides with the major arteries of the brain. In an adult, is very easily fractured (broken.) An immovable joint between bones of the skull A movable joint between the bones of the skull Question 13 1 / 1 point An atom can have from one to five electron shells. Each shell can hold up to 8 electrons except for which shell? Question options: First shell Second shell Valence shell The last shell Question 14 1 / 1 point Which of the following types of substances dissolve in water? Question options: Nonpolar covalent substances HydrophobicHydrophilic Question 15 0 / 1 point During a party, Eli loses a bet and is forced to drink a bottle of lemon juice. Not long thereafter, he begins complaining of having difficulty breathing, and his friends take him to the local emergency room. His blood pH is 7.28. What does this mean? Question options: Eli's blood is within normal range. Eli's blood is slightly acidic. - Wrong Eli's blood is slightly alkaline. Eli's blood is highly acidic. Incorrect. This can be found in the OpenStax Overview of Anatomy and Physiology section. Section 2.4. Question 16 0 / 1 point Which of the following statements about chemical bonds is true? Question options: A molecule of water is unlikely to bond with an ion. Bonding readily occurs between nonpolar and polar molecules. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds. Hydrogen bonds occur between two atoms of hydrogen. - Wrong Incorrect. This can be found in the OpenStax Overview of Anatomy and Physiology section. Section 2.2. Question 17 1 / 1 point A molecule of ammonia contains one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen. These are linked with which of the following? Question options: Hydrogen bonds Ionic bonds Nonpolar covalent bonds Polar covalent bonds Question 18 1 / 1 point CH4 is methane and what type of compound? Question options:A Crystal Inorganic Organic Reactive Question 19 1 / 1 point How many bases found on a gene translate for any one amino acid? Question options: One Two Three Four Five Question 20 1 / 1 point Human sex cells (sperm or egg) contain _____ chromosomes. All other cells contain _____ chromosomes. Question options: 23; 46 22; 44 24; 48 25; 50 30; 60 Question 21 1 / 1 point The process when the cytoplasm actually divides into two separate cells is named _________. Question options: Interphase Prophase Meiosis Cytokinesis MitosisQuestion 22 1 / 1 point A DNA molecule has which of the following 3-dimensional structures? Question options: A linear chain of proteins A circular array of nucleotides A double-stranded array of proteins A double-stranded array of sugar-phosphate groups linked together by "bases" None of the above Question 23 1 / 1 point What scientist is given credit for coming up with the concept of the cell? Question options: Michelangelo Albert Einstein Galileo Robert Hooke Michael Curie Question 24 1 / 1 point The cells that make up nearly all of the body contain an equal number of chromosomes that they receive from each parent. These are called ________ cells. Question options: Sex cells Somatic cells Bipolar cells Duplex cells Mitotic cells Question 25 1 / 1 point Mendel believed that the characteristics of pea plants are determined by which of the following? Question options: Inheritance of units or factors from both parents Inheritance of units or factors from one parentRelative health of the parent plants at the time of pollination Question 26 1 / 1 point Which Of Mendel's laws states that when any individual produces sex cells, gametes, the copies of gene separate, so that each sex cell, gamete, receives only one copy. A gamete will receive one allele or the other? Question options: Incomplete dominance Principle of segregation Recessive trait Sickle cell Question 27 1 / 1 point Which trait reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred? Question options: Hydrozygous Incomplete dominance Random Recessive trait Question 28 1 / 1 point Choose the genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele. Question options: Hemophilia Huntington's disease Sickle-cell anemia Tay-Sachs disease Question 29 1 / 1 point Marfan syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Which of the following is TRUE? Question options: Female offspring are more likely to be carriers of the disease. Female offspring are more likely to inherit the disease. Male offspring are more likely to inherit the disease.Male and female offspring have the same likelihood of inheriting the disease. Question 30 1 / 1 point _________ muscle is not voluntary and is responsible for the involuntary movements of internal organs such as the esophagus. Question options: Cardiac Smooth Skeletal Columnar Stratified Question 31 1 / 1 point _________ muscle is also called voluntary muscle. Question options: Cardiac Stratified Skeletal Columnar Smooth Question 32 1 / 1 point The following types of tissue all are part of the category named muscle tissue: Question options: Skeletal muscle Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Visceral muscle A, B, and C are all correct. Question 33 1 / 1 point The different types of cells are not randomly distributed throughout the body; rather they occur in organized layers, a level of organization referred to as ______. Question options:a cell system an organ system tissue epithelial an organ Question 34 1 / 1 point According to your author, which of the following functions of connective tissue is its most important function? Question options: forming glands transport of fluid, nutrients, waste support and connect other tissues energy storage protection Question 35 1 / 1 point The most abundant cell in connective tissue proper is the ________. Question options: Osteoblast Elastic cell Fibroblast Adipocyte Reticular tissue Question 36 1 / 1 point Regarding the ABCDE mnemonic of a skin evaluation, "E" stands for _____________. Question options: Evolving Ever-changing Enormous EczemaNone of the above Question 37 1 / 1 point Which of the following cells are primarily responsible for producing the pigment that gives color to the skin? Question options: Langerhans cells Basal cells Melanocytes Keratinocytes Merkel cells Question 38 1 / 1 point Which of the following is NOT part of the epidermis? Question options: Stratum basale Papillary layer Reticular layer Two of the Above are NOT part of the epidermis All of the above are part of the epidermis Question 39 1 / 1 point Which of the following receptors responds to vibration? Question options: Chemoreceptor Keratinocyte Melanocyte Nociceptor Pacinian corpuscle Question 40 1 / 1 point Which of the following glands are closely associated with thermoregulation? Question options: Eccrine sweat glandApocrine sweat gland Sebaceous gland Two of the above None of the above Question 41 1 / 1 point What is the largest organ of the body? Question options: Liver Skin Brain Heart Uterus Question 42 1 / 1 point Which type of joint is freely moveable, such as the elbow and knee? Question options: Fibrous Synarthrosis Osteoarthrosis Sutures Synovial Question 43 1 / 1 point What are the bone forming cells that secrete organic matrix? Question options: Osteoblasts Trabeculae Lacunae Osteoclasts Osteocytes Question 44 1 / 1 pointWhich of the following bones is part of the Appendicular Skeleton? Question options: Sternum Scapula Rib Sacrum Vertebra Question 45 1 / 1 point What type of cells makes up cartilage? Question options: Osteoclasts Trabeculae Osteocytes Chondrolacunae Chondrocytes Question 46 1 / 1 point Which of the following is a critical result of bone recycling (remodeling)? Question options: Sodium homeostasis Calcium homeostasis Nitrogen homeostasis Carbon homeostasis Question 47 1 / 1 point What is the type of ossification (bone formation) that occurs between sheets of fibrous connective tissue? Question options: Flat Bone Ossification Primary Ossification Endochondral OssificationTrabecular Ossification Intramembranous Ossification Question 48 1 / 1 point At synovial joints, ________. Question options: Intrinsic ligaments are located entirely inside of the articular capsule The articulating ends of the bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue The ends of the bones are enclosed within a space called a subcutaneous bursa The joint cavity is filled with a thick, lubricating fluid Question 49 1 / 1 point Where are suture joints found? Question options: Between teeth and the bony sockets they sit in Between the long bones of the lower leg Between the plates of bones in a fetal skull Between the plates of bones in an adult skull Question 50 1 / 1 point A cartilaginous joint ________. Question options: Anchors the teeth to the jaws Has a joint cavity Is called a symphysis when the bones are united by fibrocartilage Is formed by a wide sheet of fibrous connective tissue Question 51 1 / 1 point Condyloid joints ________. Question options: Are a type of ball-and-socket joint Are a uniaxial diarthrosis joint Are found at the proximal radioulnar joint Include the radiocarpal jointQuestion 52 1 / 1 point Where are gomphosis joints found? Question options: Between teeth and the socket they sit in Between the long bones of the body, such as the radius and ulna Between the tibia and fibula bones Question 53 1 / 1 point Which of the following joint classifications is the most moveable listed? Question options: Amphiarthorosis Diarthrosis Synarthrosis Synovial Question 54 1 / 1 point Which two proteins interact to cause a contraction in skeletal muscle? Question options: Actin and Myosin Adenine and Guanine Collagen and Actin Keratin and Collagen Myosin and Elastin Question 55 1 / 1 point Where does a muscle fiber first respond to signaling from a motor neuron? Question options: Flexible hinge region ATP-binding site Myosin binding site Neuromuscular Junction Excitation pointQuestion 56 1 / 1 point All of the following are functions of skeletal muscles except for which? Question options: Stop movement Produce movement Maintain balance Regulate blood pressure Produce heat Question 57 1 / 1 point Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue? Question options: Skeletal Muscle Elastic Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle All of the above are types of muscle tissue Question 58 1 / 1 point Slow oxidative (SO) muscle fibers: Question options: Use primarily aerobic respiration Are intermediate types between fast glycolic and fast oxidative fibers Do not produce ATP Use primarily anaerobic glycolysis May fatigue more quickly than fast glycolic and fast oxidative fibers Question 59 1 / 1 point Smooth muscle tissue can be found in all but which of the following places? Question options: Visceral organs Skin HeartStomach Artery walls Question 60 1 / 1 point A synapse is the location where the axon of a neuron connect with another neuron or a muscle fiber. The following characteristic(s) are always present in chemical synapses: Question options: presynaptic element neurotransmitter (packaged in vesicles) synaptic cleft receptor proteins All the above are present. Question 61 1 / 1 point Sensory neurons have nerve endings in the skin that can sense a stimulus. Which of the following are examples of sensory neurons in the skin? Question options: A neuron that senses a touch A neuron that senses heat A neuron that senses pain A neuron that senses light or dark A, B, and C are correct. Question 62 1 / 1 point What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction? Question options: norepinephrine serotonin dopamine acetylcholine pre-synaptic Question 63 1 / 1 point Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical signal to a target cell?Question options: cell body ganglion axon soma dendrites Question 64 1 / 1 point Once an action potential is initiated in a neuron, that depolarization then is __________ . Question options: propagated. continuously conducted in an unmyelinated nerve fiber. conducted in a saltatory manner in a myelinated nerve fiber. blocked. A, B, and C are correct Question 65 1 / 1 point Which of the following cavities contains a component of the central nervous system? Question options: abdominal cranial thoracic peritoneal pelvic Question 66 1 / 1 point What region of the diencephalon coordinates homeostasis? Question options: Epithalamus Hypothalamus Subthalamus ThalamusQuestion 67 1 / 1 point The meninges protrude through the spinal column but nerves may not be involved and few symptoms are present. This describes which of the following? Question options: Development of the ventricles Formation of the neural tube Spina bifida meningocele Spina bifida occulta Question 68 1 / 1 point What gives rise to most of the muscle and connective tissues? Question options: Ectoderm Endoderm Mesoderm Neural tube Question 69 1 / 1 point All of the following are motor nerves EXCEPT: Question options: Facial Hypoglossal Optic Trochlear Question 70 1 / 1 point Which primary vesicle of the embryonic nervous system does not differentiate into more vesicles at the secondary stage? Question options: Diencephalon Mesencephalon Prosencephalon RhombencephalonQuestion 71 1 / 1 point Which portion of the ventricular system is found within the diencephalon? Question options: Fourth ventricle Third ventricle Lateral ventricles Cerebral aqueduct Question 72 1 / 1 point What type of receptor cell is responsible for transducing stimuli that cause the perception of pain? Question options: mechanoreceptor nociceptor osmoreceptor photoreceptor two of the above are correct Question 73 1 / 1 point A more familiar name for the major sense named gustation is ________. Question options: hearing taste balance sight smell Question 74 1 / 1 point Some specialists list as many as _____ different sensory modalities. There are ______ major senses which can then be separated into more specific categories. Question options: 3; 2 10; 3 5; 217; 5 7; 19 Question 75 1 / 1 point A more familiar name for the major sense named olfaction is ________. Question options: balance hearing smell taste sight Question 76 1 / 1 point Axons from which neuron in the retina make up the optic nerve? Question options: amacrine cells photoreceptors bipolar cells retinal ganglion cells none of the above Question 77 1 / 1 point A major role of _________ receptors (part of the somatic nervous system) is to help us learn about the environment around us or about the state of our internal environment. Question options: somatic unencapsulated motor sensory peripheral Question 78 1 / 1 point Which of the following release ACh? Question options:All Preganglionic fibers Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers Sympathetic preganglionic fibers Question 79 1 / 1 point Which nerve projects to the hypothalamus to indicate the level of light stimuli in the retina? Question options: Oculomotor Optic Glossopharyngeal Vagus Question 80 1 / 1 point Regarding the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, which of these is TRUE? Question options: Postganglionic fibers release acetylcholine. Postganglionic fibers are relatively long. Preganglionic fibers arise from thoracic and lumbar nerves. Preganglionic fibers release norepinephrine. Question 81 0 / 1 point Which type of fiber could be considered the longest? Question options: Preganglionic parasympathetic Preganglionic sympathetic Postganglionic parasympathetic - Wrong Postganglionic sympathetic Hide question 81 feedback Incorrect. This can be found in the OpenStax Overview of Anatomy and Physiology section. Section 15.1. Question 82 1 / 1 point Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems? Question options:Baroreception Proprioception Taste Vision Question 83 1 / 1 point Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing? Question options: Acetylcholine decreases digestion Epinephrine increases blood pressure Norepinephrine dilates the pupil Norepinephrine increases heart rate Question 84 0 / 1 point Which of the following is not a cause of cerebellar ataxia? Question options: Antibiotics Drinking alcohol - Wrong Hereditary degeneration of the cerebellum Mercury from fish Hide question 84 feedback Incorrect. This can be found in the OpenStax Overview of Anatomy and Physiology section. Section 16.5. Question 85 0 / 1 point Which nerve is responsible for taste, as well as salivation, in the anterior oral cavity? Question options: Facial Glossopharyngeal - Wrong Hypoglossal Vagus Hide question 85 feedbackIncorrect. This can be found in the OpenStax Overview of Anatomy and Physiology section. Section 16.3. Question 86 1 / 1 point Which means the reception and interpretation of sensory stimuli? Question options: Ataxia Embolus Hypovolemia Sensorium Question 87 1 / 1 point When testing sensory perception within a dermatome, it is essential that you do what? Question options: Position the patient appropriately Test lateral to medial on the trunk Test proximal to distal on appendages Use deep pressure as a stimulus Question 88 1 / 1 point Which of the following could be elements of cytoarchitecture, as related to Brodmann's microscopic studies of the cerebral cortex? Question options: Activation by visual stimuli Connections to the cerebellum Number of gyri or sulci Number of neurons per square millimeter Question 89 1 / 1 point Which is an example of episodic memory? Question options: How old you are How to bake a cake Needing to wear an oven mitt to take a cake out of the oven Your last birthday partyQuestion 90 0 / 1 point The trapezoid (of the wrist) is __________ to the capitate. Question options: Lateral Medial Posterior Superior - Wrong Hide question 90 feedback Incorrect. This can be found in the OpenStax Overview of Anatomy and Physiology section. Section 8.2. Question 91 1 / 1 point Which of the following is the lateral bone of the lower leg? Question options: Femur Fibula Talus Tibia Question 92 1 / 1 point There are __________ carpal bones and __________ tarsal bones. Question options: 7,7 7,8 8,7 8,8 Question 93 1 / 1 point Which bony landmark is located on the lateral side of the proximal humerus? Question options: Greater tubercle Lateral epicondyle Lesser tubercleTrochlea Question 94 1 / 1 point Which of these serves as the attachment for the posterior thigh muscles? Question options: Greater sciatic notch Iliac crest Ischial tuberosity Pubic tubercle Question 95 1 / 1 point The distal end of the femur has a horseshoe shape made up of which of the following parts? Question options: Adductor tubercle, lateral epicondyle and medial epicondyle Lateral condyle, medial epicondyle and lateral epicondyle Lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle and patellar surface Shaft of the femur, gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera Question 96 1 / 1 point Which of the following statements is correct about what happens during flexion? Question options: The bone rotates. The angle between bones is increased. The angle between bones is decreased. The bone moves away from the body. The bone moves toward the center of the body. Question 97 0 / 1 point Which of the following helps an agonist work? Question options: an insertion a fixator - Wrong the adjacent joint a synergistan antagonist Hide question 97 feedback A synergist is a skeletal muscle that helps an agonist, but does not do the majority of the work. Question 98 1 / 1 point Which of the following terms would be used in the name of a muscle that moves the leg away from the body? Question options: extensor abductor flexor adductor rotator Question 99 1 / 1 point Although a number of muscles may be involved in an action, the principal muscle involved is called the prime mover, or ________. A muscle with the opposite action of the prime mover is called an _________. Question options: agonist; antagonist antagonist; opposer antagonist; agonist agonist; secondary mover None of the above are true. Question 100 1 / 1 point Think about the things that you do each day—talking, walking, sitting, standing, and running—all of these activities require movement of particular _____________. Question options: smooth muscles skeletal muscles joints cartilage B and C are correct
Written for
Document information
- Uploaded on
- September 5, 2023
- Number of pages
- 27
- Written in
- 2023/2024
- Type
- Exam (elaborations)
- Contains
- Questions & answers
Subjects
- biol250 final
- biol250 final 2023
-
biol 250 human anatomy and physiology
-
primary requirements of life for a multi celled o
-
w16 comprehensive final exam
