Grade 11 Biology Exam Review

What are the three levels of biodiversity - Answer-1) species diversity 2) genetic diversity 3) ecosystem diversity Genes - Answer-Units of inherited information that determine specific characteristics or functions Biodiversity - Answer-The variety of life in the world Genetic diversity - Answer-The sum of all the different forms of genes present in a particular species. It also helps the survival of species Species - Answer-A population whose members can breed freely in nature and produce fertile offspring Why do farmers grow a single type of corn? - Answer-It allows farmers to use the same equipment, fertilizers and techniques on their land Monocultures - Answer-Genetically uniform farms, that usually have little or no biodiversity Species diversity - Answer-The variety of species and relative abundance of the species in a given area. This allows ecosystems to survive environmental changes such as droughts, plagues or disease outbreaks Ecosystem diversity - Answer-The diverse range of habitats, the various organisms that live in the habitats and the relationships that connect them What kind of organisms or processes does biodiversity help maintain? - Answer-1) ecosystem cycle carbon, nitrogen and oxygen 2) micro-organisms make nutrients available and break down toxic substances in water and soil 3) insects, bats, and other animals pollinate flowering plants and crops 4) ecosystems clean air, purify water, control erosion,more vent floods and modify climate Keystone species - Answer-Species that have a disproportionately large effect on the ecosystem in which they live, such as a honeybee