BIOS 256 ATI COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

BIOS 256 ATI COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS The following is a list of the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidney. 1. afferent arteriole 2. arcuate artery 3. interlobarartery 4. renalartery 5. glomerulus 6. interlobularartery 7. efferentarteriole 8. peritubularcapillary Theproperorder in whichbloodpassesthroughthesevessels isA 4, 6, 2, 3, 1, 5, 7, 8 B 4, 3, 2, 6, 1, 5, 7, 8 C 4, 3,2, 6, 7, 5, 1, 8 D 4, 6,2, 3, 7, 5, 1, 8 E 4, 3, 6,2, 1, 5, 7, 8 Theurinarysystem doesallof thefollowing,EXCEPT itA secretes excess glucose molecules B regulatesbloodvolume C contributestostabilizingbloodpHD eliminatesorganic wasteproducts E regulatesplasmaconcentrationsofelectrolytes Conicalstructuresthatarelocatedintherenal medullaarecalledA pyramids B renalcolumns C renalpelvises D nephrons E calyces The region knownas the maculadensa ispart ofA the proximalconvolutedtubule B thedistalconvolutedtubuleC the collecting duct D the ascending loop of Henle E Bowman’scapsule The cells of the maculadensa andthejuxtaglomerular cellsform theA renal corpuscle B filtration membraneC loop of Henle D juxtaglomerularapparatus E afferentarteriole A glomerulus is A theexpandedendofanephron B aknot ofcapillaries that lies within the renalcorpuscle C theportionof thenephronclosest totherenalcorpuscle D theportionof thenephronthatattachestothecollectingductEthe horseshoe-shapedsegment of the nephron Theprocessof filtrationisdrivenbyA active transport B bloodosmoticpressure C blood hydrostatic pressure D renalpumping The mechanisms for maintaining the solute concentration gradient in the renal medulla require A active transport of sodium and chloride ions from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle B activetransportofsodium and chloride ions from the ascendinglimb of the vasarecta C the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to be permeable to waterD the vasa recta to be impermeable to water E both A and B Whichof thefollowingis greater? A theconcentrationofsolute inthefiltrateat thebeginningof theloopof Henle B the concentration ofsolute in the filtrate at the bottom of the descending limb of the loop of Henle 1 The antidiuretic hormone0 A increasesthe permeability of the collecting ductsto water B issecretedinresponsetolow concentrationsofpotassium ionsintheextracellular fluid.C causesthe kidneys to produce alarger volumeofrelatively solute-freeurine D helpsregulatetheconcentrationofpotasium ionintheinterstitialspace E issensitivetochanges inthebloodconcentrationsofbothsodium andpotassium 1 Intheloopof Henle1 A water issecretedintothedescendinglimb B sodium and chloride ionsare activelytransported out of the ascending limb C theascendinglimbis verypermeableto water D thefiltrateinthedescendinglimbbecomes moreand morehypotonicE filtrate is produced 1 Whichhormonestimulatesthethirst mechanism most?2 A ADH B aldosterone C ANP D BNP E natriureticpeptide 1 Allof thefollowingarecomponentsofECF, except 3 A cerebralspinal fluidB peritoneal fluid C lymph D aqueous humor