Exam 2: Labor and Birth Processes Questions with Correct Solutions Graded A+

Fontanels Passenger: These are membrane filled spaces located where the sutures intersect. Fontanels and Sutures Passenger: During labor, after rupture of the membranes, palpation of the ___________ and ___________ during vaginal examination reveals fetal presentation, position, and attitude Anterior Passenger: This fontanel is the larger of the two, is diamond shaped, and approximately 3cm X 2cm. It closes by 18 months after birth Posterior Passenger: This fontanel lies at the junction of the sutures of the two parietal bones and occipital bone. It is triangular, and is approximately 1cm X 2cm Molding Passenger: Because the bones are not firmly united, slight overlapping of the bones, called __________ occurs during labor Presentation Passenger: This refers to the part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the birth canal during labor at term. The main three are called cephalic, breech, and shoulder Presenting Passenger: Presentation The ______________ part is the part of the fetal body first felt by the examiner's finger during a vaginal examination Vertex Passenger: Presentation When the presenting part is the occiput, the presentation is noted as __________ Fetal Lie This is the relation of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the shoulder. The to primary ones are longitudinal (vertical), and transverse (horizontal) Longitudinal Passenger: Fetal Lie ________________ lies are either cephalic or breech presentations, depending on the fetal structure that first enters the mother's pelvis Transverse Passenger: Fetal Lie: Vaginal birth cannot occur when the fetus stays in a _________ lie. Attitude Passenger: This is the relationship of the fetal body parts to eachother. The normal __________, called general flexion, consists of the arms crossed over the thorax, and the umbilical cord lies between the arms and legs Biparietal Passenger: Attitude The _____________ diameter, which is approximately 9.25 cm at term, is the largest transverse diameter and an important indicator of fetal head size Suboccipitobregmatic Passenger: Attitude The _________________ diameter is when the head is in complete flexion, which allows the fetal head to pass through the true pelvis easily Position Passenger: Fetal Position This is the relationship of the presenting part to the four quadrants of the mother's pelvis First Passenger: Fetal Position The _______ letter of the abbreviation denotes the location of the presenting part in the right or left side of the mother's pelvis Middle Passenger: Fetal Position The _________ letter stands for the specific presenting part of the fetus (O=occiput, S=sacrum, M=mentum, Sc=scapula) Third The _______ letter stands for the location of the presenting part in relation to the anterior, posterior, or transverse portion of the maternal pelvis Above Passenger: Fetal Position When the presenting part is 1cm _______ the spine, it is noted as being -1 Engagement Passenger: Fetal Position This is the term used to indicate that the largest transverse diameter of the presenting part has passed through the maternal pelvic inlet into the true pelvis