NSG 6020 midterm
The Head - ✔✔Skull is a rigid bony box which house & protects the brain & special sense organs
14 facial bones
Cranium is supported by cervical vertebrae
C1 is the atlas
C2 is the axis
C7 vertebra: vertebre prominents
Human face appearances & expressions ("the mood tellers") are formed by facial muscles which are
mediated by CN VII (facial nerve)
Facial sensations of pain or touch are mediated by the 3 sensory branches of CN V (trigeminal nerve)
Cranial bones - ✔✔walls of the skull): frontal, parietal, occipital, & temporal
Adjacent cranial bones unite at meshed immovable joints named "sutures"
Coronal suture - ✔✔crown" from ear to ear at the union of frontal & parietal bones
Sagittal suture - ✔✔separates the head lengthwise between the 2 parietal bones
Lambdoid suture - ✔✔separates parietal bones crosswise from the occipital bone
confluence points of the cranial sutures - ✔✔form the anterior, posterior, anterolateral (sphenoid), and
posterolateral (mastoid) fontanelles
The fontanelles - ✔✔close sequentially and the sutures function as growth centers.
metopic suture - ✔✔fuses by 8 months of age in nearly all children. The remaining sutures fuse late in
life.
, Virchow's law - ✔✔states that premature suture fusion results in compensatory skull growth parallel to
the fused suture and a decreased growth perpendicular to the suture.
Headaches(Primary) - ✔✔Migraine
Tension
Cluster
Headache(secondary) - ✔✔Analgesic rebound
From eye disorders
From sinusitis
Meningitis
Intracranial process: increased ICP, tumor, GCA, subarachnoid hemorrhage
Post concussion
Cranial neuralgias
Headache warning signs - ✔✔Progressively frequent or severe over a 3-month period
Sudden onset like a "thunderclap" or "the worst headache of my life"
New onset after age 50 y/o
Aggravated or relieved by change in position
Precipitated by Valsalva maneuver
Associated symptoms of fever, night sweats, or weight loss
Presence of cancer, HIV infection, or pregnancy
Recent head trauma
Associated papilledema, neck stiffness, or focal neurologic deficits
Head complaints - ✔✔Headache, change in vision (hyperopia, presbyopia, myopia, scotomas), diplopia,
hearing loss, earache, tinnitus, vertigo, epistaxis, hoarseness, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes 7 glands,
and goiter
The Head - ✔✔Skull is a rigid bony box which house & protects the brain & special sense organs
14 facial bones
Cranium is supported by cervical vertebrae
C1 is the atlas
C2 is the axis
C7 vertebra: vertebre prominents
Human face appearances & expressions ("the mood tellers") are formed by facial muscles which are
mediated by CN VII (facial nerve)
Facial sensations of pain or touch are mediated by the 3 sensory branches of CN V (trigeminal nerve)
Cranial bones - ✔✔walls of the skull): frontal, parietal, occipital, & temporal
Adjacent cranial bones unite at meshed immovable joints named "sutures"
Coronal suture - ✔✔crown" from ear to ear at the union of frontal & parietal bones
Sagittal suture - ✔✔separates the head lengthwise between the 2 parietal bones
Lambdoid suture - ✔✔separates parietal bones crosswise from the occipital bone
confluence points of the cranial sutures - ✔✔form the anterior, posterior, anterolateral (sphenoid), and
posterolateral (mastoid) fontanelles
The fontanelles - ✔✔close sequentially and the sutures function as growth centers.
metopic suture - ✔✔fuses by 8 months of age in nearly all children. The remaining sutures fuse late in
life.
, Virchow's law - ✔✔states that premature suture fusion results in compensatory skull growth parallel to
the fused suture and a decreased growth perpendicular to the suture.
Headaches(Primary) - ✔✔Migraine
Tension
Cluster
Headache(secondary) - ✔✔Analgesic rebound
From eye disorders
From sinusitis
Meningitis
Intracranial process: increased ICP, tumor, GCA, subarachnoid hemorrhage
Post concussion
Cranial neuralgias
Headache warning signs - ✔✔Progressively frequent or severe over a 3-month period
Sudden onset like a "thunderclap" or "the worst headache of my life"
New onset after age 50 y/o
Aggravated or relieved by change in position
Precipitated by Valsalva maneuver
Associated symptoms of fever, night sweats, or weight loss
Presence of cancer, HIV infection, or pregnancy
Recent head trauma
Associated papilledema, neck stiffness, or focal neurologic deficits
Head complaints - ✔✔Headache, change in vision (hyperopia, presbyopia, myopia, scotomas), diplopia,
hearing loss, earache, tinnitus, vertigo, epistaxis, hoarseness, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes 7 glands,
and goiter
