MED-SURG VATI EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 GRADED A+

A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? Thinning of the skin A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of left-sided heart failure? Frothy sputum ****A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and tingling of the lips and fingers. The client's ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify that the client is experiencing? Respiratory alkalosis ****A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Osteoporosis ****A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse should identify which of the following lesion characteristics on the client's skin? A pearly, waxy nodule ****A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving vancomycin intermittent IV bolus therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the following findings is an indication to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? The client is becoming flushed. ***A nurse is caring for a male client who has a new prescription for cyclosporine following a kidney transplant. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this therapy? BUN 24 MG DL ***A nurse is caring for a client who has dumping syndrome following a gastric resection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications of dumping syndrome? Iron-deficiency anemia ***A nurse is assessing a client who takes salmeterol to treat moderate asthma. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication has been effective? The client's daily peak expiratory flow (PEF) measures 85% above personal best. ****A nurse is providing teaching about health promotion activities for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? "I will check my blood sugar level before exercising." ****A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.) Ferrous sulfate is incorrect. Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement and has no known interaction with warfarin. Echinacea is incorrect. Echinacea is a supplement that a client might take to improve the immune system and has no known interaction with warfarin. Aspirin is correct. Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication. It can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin. Dextromethorphan is incorrect. Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant and has no known interaction with warfarin. Naproxen is correct. Naproxen is an NSAID that relieves mild to moderate pain. It can increase the risk of bleeding if taken with warfarin. Place the client leaning forward over the bedside table for the procedure. ***A nurse is providing discharge teaching about infection control at home for a client who has tuberculosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? "I will place my used tissues in a plastic bag." ***A nurse is teaching a client who is scheduled to receive radioactive iodine therapy for treatment of hyperthyroidism. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Use disposable utensils for meals. ****A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client who is scheduled for a radical prostatectomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A PCA pump will be used for postoperative pain control. A nurse is assessing a client's ECG strip and notes an irregular heart rate of 98/min with no clear P waves. Which of the following cardiac dysrhythmias should the nurse document? ***A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Report cloudy dialysate drainage to the provider. ***A nurse is assessing a client who has suspected appendicitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) Elevated WBC count is correct. A client who has acute appendicitis will show a moderate elevation of the WBC count from 10,000 to 18,000/mm3. If the WBC count is greater than 20,000/mm3, it can indicate a perforated appendix. Elevated amylase level is incorrect. Amylase levels increase with pancreatitis but not with acute appendicitis. Rebound tenderness is correct. A client who has appendicitis develops localized pain over the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. When the area is palpated, pain occurs during release of pressure on the client's abdomen. Ascites is incorrect. Ascites can be a manifestation of cirrhosis; however, it is not associated with appendicitis. Anorexia is correct. A client who has acute appendicitis experiences nausea, vomiting, and reduced appetite. ***A nurse is planning preventative strategies for a client who is at risk for pressure injuries. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? Apply moisturizer to damp skin after bathing. ***A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of type 1 diabetes? Ketones in the urine ***A nurse is caring for a client who had a surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm 3 days ago. The client's vital signs are: temperature 38.3° C (100.9° F), heart rate 80/min, respirations 16/min, and blood pressure 128/76 mm Hg. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? Assess the surgical incision for signs of infection. ***A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client following a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for the treatment of cervical cancer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? "I may have mild cramping for several hours." ***A nurse is assessing a group of clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse make a referral to palliative care? A client whose medications to manage Parkinson's disease are no longer effective ***A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for cephalexin oral suspension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? "I will keep the medication refrigerated." ***A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury and a potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following ECG changes should the nurse expect? WRONG Peaked T waves ***A nurse is caring for a client who had abdominal surgery. The client tells the nurse that "something gave way." The nurse removes the dressing and sees the wound has eviscerated. Identify the correct sequence of steps the nurse should follow. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all the steps.) Top of Form • Place the client in a low Fowler's position with the knees bent. • Cover the client's wound with a sterile saline-soaked dressing. • Notify the surgeon about the finding. • Prepare the client for transfer to surgery. Based on evidence-based practice, the nurse should immediately contact the surgeon and notify them of the wound evisceration. The nurse should then cover the client’s wound with a sterile saline soaked dressing to protect it from infection. The nurse should then place the client in a low Fowler's position with their knees bent and then prepare the client to be transferred to surgery. ****A nurse is caring for a client who is hemorrhaging and hypotensive from esophageal variceal bleeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Verify that the client has adequate IV access. ****A nurse is assessing a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperglycemia? Increased thirst ***A nurse is reviewing the health histories of a group of clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that a client is at an increased risk for urinary tract infections (UTIs)? Diabetes mellitus ***A nurse is preparing to discharge a client who is postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following equipment should the nurse ensure that the client has available at home prior to discharge? Elevated toilet seat ***A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of a microvascular complication? Retinopathy Monitor the client for any adverse reactions. ***A nurse is planning care for a client who had a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Turn the client by log rolling with a turning sheet. ***A nurse is teaching a client how to obtain a specimen at home for a fecal occult blood test. Which of the following actions should the nurse instruct the client to take for 3 days prior to collecting the specimen? Avoid eating red meat.