10th Grade Biochemistry with correct answers 23-24

10th Grade Biochemistry Organic Chemistry - correct answer derived from living things and contains Carbon. Inorganic Chemistry - correct answer derived from non living things Polar Compound - correct answer electrical charge is unevenly distributed Carbon - correct answer forms single double or triple bonds, long chains or rings Adhesion - correct answer attraction between unlike molecules Cohesion - correct answer attraction between like molecules Functional Group - correct answer cluster of atoms, that influence the characteristics of molecules and the chemical reactions they undergo. Polymerization - correct answer process where the large compounds are formed by joining smaller compounds. Monomer - correct answer smallest unit of a molecule ("building blocks" or "subunits") Polymer - correct answer a compound consisting of repeated linked units (5+ monomers) Macromolecules - correct answer chain of polymers Dehydration Synthesis - correct answer Monomer becomes a polymer. (loses water to make or build) Hydrolysis - correct answer Polymer becomes a macromolecule. (gains water to lose molecules) Carbohydrate - correct answer composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 1:2:1 Monosacchride - correct answer simple sugar. ratio of 1C:2H:1O Monosaccharides - correct answer Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose are all Isomer - correct answer Compounds that differ in structure but not molecular composition Disaccharide - correct answer 2 monosaccharides (double sugar). Disaccharides - correct answer Sucrose and Lactose are both examples of... Polysaccharide - correct answer 3 or more monosaccharides; most important to living things Polysaccharides - correct answer Glycogen, Starch, and Cellulose are examples of... Lipids - correct answer fatty compound made up of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen Lipids - correct answer Roles are to store energy, function as chemical messengers, and form cell membranes Fatty Acid - correct answer Composed of a long straight hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end. Hydrophilic - correct answer "water loving" carboxyl end of a hydrocarbon chain Hydrophobic - correct answer "water fearing" hydrocarbon end of a hydrocarbon chain Types of Fatty Acids - correct answer Saturated, Unsaturated, and Polyunsaturated Classes of Lipids - correct answer Triglyceride, Wax, and Phosphilid are Triglyceride - correct answer 3 molecules of fatty acids joined together to one molecule of glycerol Wax - correct answer molecule of a long fatty acid chain joined to an alcohol chain Steroid - correct answer molecule composed of 4 carbon rings Protein - correct answer composed of HCON ; formed from linkage of amino acids Amino Acids - correct answer monomers that form proteins (20 of them) Peptide Bond - correct answer a covalent bond between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another Dipeptide - correct answer 2 amino acids bonded together Polypeptide - correct answer long chain of 2 or more amino acids Enzymes - correct answer proteins that act as catalysts; are reusable, substrate specific, and reduce activation energy Nucleic Acid - correct answer store information in the cell, composed of COHNP Nucleic Acids - correct answer DNA and RNA are types of... Ribonucleic Acids RNA - correct answer stores and transfers info for manufacturing of proteins Deoxyribonucleic Acids DNA - correct answer stores info essential for cell activities Nucleotides - correct answer Forms DNA and RNA with thousands of monomers Polynucleotide - correct answer 5+ nucleotides Nucleic Acids - correct answer Phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar, and ring shaped nitrogen base make up... Nucleic Acid - correct answer This is an example of a