Biochemistry Review with correct answers 23-24

Biochemistry Review Cellulose - correct answer The most abundant organic compound on Earth. Water - correct answer The universal solvent. Cohesiveness, Adhesiveness, Polarity, Surface tension - correct answer Four properties of water that make it so useful to organisms. Carbon - correct answer Substance besides water that makes up most of the cell. Organic - correct answer _______ chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. Four - correct answer Carbon has ____ four outer electrons. Covalent - correct answer Carbon can form ____ bonds by sharing the four outer electrons. Hydrocarbons - correct answer Compounds made up by carbon and hydrogen. Fat - correct answer Hydrocarbons in what supply our bodies with energy? Shape - correct answer The ____ of an organic molecule determines its function. Functional - correct answer What groups give different properties to the organic compound to which they attach? Polymers - correct answer Large organic molecules. monomers - correct answer Polymers are built from smaller subunits called _____. Macromolecules - correct answer Biologists call polymers _____. Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic acids - correct answer Four examples of polymers found in living things. Polymers - correct answer Monomers linked together. Dehydration synthesis - correct answer The process of linking monomers together. Hydrolysis - correct answer The process used to break down large polymers into smaller monomers. Soft drinks, sports drinks, potatoes, pasta - correct answer Foods that contain lots of carbohydrates. Simple - correct answer Monosaccharides are ___ sugars. Glucose, Galactose, Fructose - correct answer Three monosaccharides. Carbons - correct answer Monosaccharides are called hexose sugars because they contain six ____. Glucose - correct answer Simple sugar made by plants. Fructose - correct answer Sugar found in fruits. Galactose - correct answer The "milk sugar". Isomer - correct answer Same formula, different structure. Isomers - correct answer Fructose and glucose are both _____. Disaccharide - correct answer Name of a double sugar. Glycosidic bond - correct answer The bond that joins disaccharides together. Disaccharides - correct answer Sucrose, lactose, and maltose are all _____. Polysaccharides - correct answer Complex carbohydrates. Monosaccharides - correct answer Chains of ______ are called polysaccharides. Polysaccharides - correct answer Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all ______. Glycogen - correct answer Animals store their carbohydrate energy as _____. Hydrophilic - correct answer Sugars dissolve in water, they are water-loving or ______. Hydrophobic - correct answer Water fearing. Triglycerides - correct answer Monomers that make up lipids or fats. Phospholipids - correct answer What lipids are in cell membranes? Globular - correct answer Enzymes have what shape? Yes - correct answer Can enzymes be reused? Polypeptides - correct answer Protein chains are called what? Insulin - correct answer What protein controls blood sugar level? DNA and RNA - correct answer The two types of nucleic acids are what? Chemical bonds - correct answer Where is the energy stored in ATP? Phosphate bonds - correct answer Which bonds are considered high energy bonds in ATP? Adenosine diphosphate - correct answer When the last phosphate bond is broken, what is released?