Test Bank For Fundamentals of Nursing Theory Concepts and Applications 4th Edition Wilkinson | Complete Guide Chapter 1-46 | 2023/2024

The informatics nurse violates a patient's legal right to privacy and confidentiality, by: A) discussing a patient's diagnosis with an authorized family member. B) discussing care-related information with the patient's physical therapist. C) looking up a colleague's diagnosis and laboratory results while he or she is hospitalized. D) providing a handoff report containing patient information to another department. 10. Using parallel strategy for the roll-out of an electronic medication administration system means that all: A) data entries are cosigned by two health care team members. B) medications are documented using both the current method and the new system. C) notebook computers and bar code scanners are positioned on the same surface. D) vital signs are entered on the same screen as is medication administration. 11. In project management, the critical path is best described as a series of activities that: A) includes the path with the most slack or float. B) B) indicates the earliest possible time a project can be completed. C) is scheduled for the next current phase of the process. D) shows the shortest path through the network diagram. 12. The foundation of strategic system planning begins with a review of the: A) existing computing environment. health care industry. C) information system plan. D) organization's business mission. 13. The focus of data analysis is to: A) collect data from various sources. B) evaluate data for efficiency. C) identify data sources for later inclusion. D) transform data into a usable form. 14. Which tool tracks resources, milestones, and time frames associated with the implementation of a new clinical program? A) A database. B) An expert system. C) Project management software. D) Spreadsheet software. 15. What process produces a blueprint that details how hardware and software meet the needs of the organization? A) Benchmarking. B) Feasibility study. C) System analysis. D) System design. 16. A downtime of the electronic health record (EHR) system is planned for three months from today. The informatics nurse is formulating a communication plan for the clinical staff about the downtime. The nurse plans to: A) announce the upcoming downtime at system-wide meetings, and at department meetings of specific system hospitals affected by the downtime. C) B) bring copies of the communication plan to IT meetings, and discuss it with the IT directors and managers. C) present the information at the super-user meetings, department and unit meetings, and at other specialty clinician meetings, in addition to having a message posted on the message-of-the-day screen in the EHR. D) print fliers with the downtime plan and post them in bathrooms and breakrooms, as well as on bulletin boards in various locations in the hospitals. 17. Adult learners most effectively learn about a new clinical information system when the instructor: A) assumes that the learner knows nothing about the system. B) begins the formal training as early as possible in the implementation process. emphasizes the technical specifications of the structure of the system. D) encourages the learner to use previous experience to interpret new learning. 18. As an ambulatory provider reviews the patient's chart, the provider reads lab data from an external organization. This scenario exemplifies: A) a health information exchange. B) a system to update patient records. C) a violation of privacy regulations. D) an electronic health record. 19. The problems of an existing system have been identified, along with possible solutions. What is the next step in the systems analysis stage? A) A feasibility study. B) Requirements gathering. C) Systems design. D) Systems testing. 20. What type of testing is performed on functionally grouped components to ensure that the subset works with the entire system? A) Integration. B) System. D) C) Unit. D) User acceptance. 21. The informatics nurse is working on a chart to demonstrate the increasing incidence of obesity in the patient population at a health clinic. The data will represent patients who are of normal weight, overweight, obese, and morbidly obese, and it will include the percentage of the total population for each group. This type of data is most effectively represented by a: A) bar chart. B) column chart. C) line chart. D) pie chart. 22. Integrating clinical practice guidelines with an electronic health record facilitates quality improvement measurement by: A) comparing guideline parameters to clinical outcomes. B) presenting results at the point of treatment decisions. C) providing reference information to measurement staff. D) representing patient acuity data. 23. System analysis is the process by which: lOMoAR cPSD| Test - Taylor) 163 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () Bank Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by A) a proposed design is reviewed for feasibility. B) potential vendor solutions are explored. C) the management needs are identified. D) the system's functional requirements are derived from users' needs. Answer Key 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. D lOMoAR cPSD| Test - Taylor) 164 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 16. C 17. D 18. A Bank Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by 19. A 20. A 21. D 22. A 23. D lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 165 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () Chapter 21: Developmental Concepts 1. A child gains weight and becomes taller each year. What is this process called? A) development B) orderly change C) progression D) growth 2. All humans learn from both formal and informal experiences. What orderly pattern of changes results in part from learning? A) development B) growth C) maturity D) aging 3. As the fetus develops, certain growth and development trends are regular and predictable. The first trend is cephalocaudal growth. What does this mean? A) Legs and feet develop first. B) Both sides of the body develop equally. C) Head and brain develop first. D) Gross motor skills are learned last. 4. A second trend occurring with growth and development of the infant states that development is proximodistal. This means: A) Growth progresses from gross motor movements to fine motor movements. B) Both sides of the body grow equally. C) All humans experience the same growth patterns. lOMoAR cPSD| Test - Taylor) 166 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 167 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () D) As nerve pathways develop, they become more specialized. 5. Many different factors affect growth and development. For example, why does Mary have blonde hair and blue eyes while John has brown hair and green eyes? A) childhood illnesses B) genetic inheritance C) prenatal influences D) maternal nutrition 6. Which of the following statements accurately describe factors that may affect an individuals growth and development? Select all that apply. A) Physical characteristics such as height, bone size, and eye and hair color are inherited from the family of origin. B) Fetal development can be altered by maternal age or inadequate maternal nutrition or substance abuse. C) Abuse of alcohol and drugs is more prevalent in teenagers who have poor family relationships, low self-esteem, and poor social skills. D) Infants who are malnourished in utero develop fewer brain cells than infants who have had adequate prenatal nutrition. E) Environmental factors such as poverty and violence do not have a direct effect on growth and development. F) Inadequate caregiving skills may affect growth of the individual, but it has no effect on predetermined development. 7. According to Freud, what is the name given to the part of the mind that represents ones conscience? A) unconscious mind B) id C) ego lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 168 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () D) superego 8. The mother of a 6-month-old infant asks the nurse at a community health center what she should do about her baby, who always wants to put everything in his mouth. What would be an appropriate response by the nurse, based on Freuds theory? A) There must be something wrongyour baby should not be doing that. B) I dont know if that is normal or not, but I will check on it. C) Babies at this age explore and enjoy their world with their mouths. D) This usually does not happen until babies are 2 years old. 9. A 10-year-old boy tells his mother that he is going to be just like his father when he grows up. According to Freud, what stage of development is this child experiencing? A) anal B) phallic C) latency D) genital 10. Based on Piagets theory of cognitive development, what type of activities would a nurse recommend to parents of children in the preoperational stage? A) play activities B) toilet training C) church lessons D) organized sports 11. A nurse is teaching a 7-year old diabetic child who is in Piagets concrete operational stage about insulin injections. Based on Piagets theory, what would be the nurses best method of preparation for this child? A) Show the child a video about diabetes and insulin. B) Give the child a pamphlet on diabetes to read. C) Demonstrate the procedure on a teddy bear. lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 169 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () D) Explain the procedure to the child in detail. 12. According to Erikson, normal adolescent behavior includes trying on new roles and possibly even rebelling. What is the purpose of this behavior in adolescents? A) to establish a sense of security B) to establish a sense of identity C) to gain autonomy D) to avoid inferiority 13. Using Eriksons theory, which of the following activities would the nurse use to provide a sense of fulfillment and purpose in later adulthood? A) becoming involved within the community B) making a commitment to others C) trying on new and different roles D) reminiscing about life events 14. Based on Havighursts theory, which of the following is one of the developmental tasks of middle adulthood? A) achieving personal independence B) adjusting to physical changes C) taking on civic responsibility D) affiliating with ones age group 15. Goulds theory of transformation in adults included which developmental phase for those ages 50 to 60? A) challenging false assumptions B) accepting life is neither simple nor controllable C) having increased self-approval and acceptance lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 170 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () D) questioning self and values 16. Levinson and associates based their theory on individual life structure, patterned at any point in time by the interaction of three components. Which one of the following is not a component of this theory? A) self B) social and cultural aspects C) individualized set of roles D) degree of wellness 17. Which of the following actions would generally take place in the settling down stage of Daniel Levinsons Individual Life Structure theory? Select all that apply. A) breaking away from the family B) making initial career choices C) trying new lifestyles D) striving to gain respect E) investing in family F) maximizing self-approval 18. A school-aged child always follows the rules and obeys traffic lights when crossing the street. Based on Kohlbergs theory, what type of development is being demonstrated? A) cognitive B) intellectual C) moral D) psychosocial 19. In contrast to Kohlberg, Gilligan developed a theory of moral development specifically for women. What is the central theme of Gilligans theory? A) response and care lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 171 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () B) rights and justice C) adult transformation D) individual life structure 20. In which of Gilligans stages does acceptance by others become critical, with the ability to protect and care for others seen as the defining characteristic of female goodness? A) Level 1: selfisness B) Level 2: goodness C) Level 3: nonvioldence D) Level 4: responsiveness 21. According to Fowlers theory, who or what initiates the development of faith in the infant? A) church attendance B) daycare activities C) primary caregivers D) siblings 22. A 7-year-old attending a Roman Catholic Mass with his parents stands and holds his hymnal to sing the opening song. According to Fowler, what stage of development is this child experiencing? A) undifferentiated faith B) intuitiveprojective faith C) mythicalliteral faith D) syntheticconventional faith 23. A nurse wants to teach children about oral health. Based on Piagets theory, to what age group would it be most appropriate to teach this topic? A) preschoolers lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 172 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () B) third and fourth graders C) junior high school age D) high school age 24. Using Eriksons theory, a nurse asks a young adult questions about family, friends, and support systems. Why is this important during assessments of adolescents? A) Without peer acceptance, feelings of inferiority may result. B) Overprotection by parents may result in feelings of shame and doubt. C) Restrictions on new experiences may lead to feelings of guilt. D) Fear of commitments may lead to loneliness and isolation. 25. During a health history, a middle-aged man tells the nurse, I will always take care of my children because my parents took care of me. Based on Kohlbergs theory, what level of moral development is the man demonstrating? A) preconventional B) conventional C) postconventional D) goodness 26. A 2-year-old child is hospitalized for a surgical procedure. Although previously all fluids were taken from a cup, the toddler wants a bottle to suck on. The nurse recognizes this behavior as what? A) totally unacceptable B) proof that the child is sick C) normal regression D) abnormal behavior 27. Which of the following is an important role for the nurse when incorporating principles and theories of growth and development? lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 173 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () A) Provide developmentally challenging environments and experiences. B) Provide physical care to meet comfort needs of children. C) Initiate activities that involve passive interactions with others. D) Initiate interventions to meet specific outcomes of care. Answer Key 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A, B, C, D 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 174 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 16. D 17. D, E 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 175 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () Chapter 22: Conception Through Young Adult 1. A nurse is teaching a 2-week pregnant woman what is occurring in the development of her baby. Which of the following occur in this preembryonic stage? Select all that apply. A) The zygote implants in the uterine wall. B) Rapid growth and differentiation of the cell layers occurs. C) All basic organs are established. D) Some human features are recognizable. E) Three distinct layers of cells exist. F) The heartbeat can be heard by doppler. 2. A pregnant woman is at the end of her first trimester. The nurse tells her that normally the following developments have occurred in her fetus. Select all that apply. A) some reflexes are present B) kidney secretion begins C) the sex of the infant is distinguishable D) sleepwake patterns are established E) lung surfactant is produced F) eyelids open lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 176 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 3. A nurse is teaching a young woman about healthy behaviors during the embryonic stage of pregnancy. Which of the following should the nurse emphasize to prevent congenital anomalies? A) adequate intake of food and fluids B) importance of rest and sleep C) avoidance of alcohol and nicotine D) progression of stages during delivery 4. A nurse is teaching a pregnant woman about nutritional needs. Which of the following nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy might result in neural tube defects in the developing fetus? A) vitamin D B) iodine C) calcium D) folic acid 5. At birth, the neonate must adapt to extrauterine life through several significant physiologic adjustments. Which of the following is the most important adjustment that occurs? A) body temperature responds to the environment B) reflexes develop C) stool and urine are eliminated D) breathing begins 6. A nurse documents the following data upon assessment of a neonate: heart rate 89 BPM, slow respiratory effort, flaccid muscle tone, weak cry, and pale skin tone. What would be the Apgar score for this neonate? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 177 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 7. A mother watches as a neonate cries, spreads his arms, and draws them in again in response to being pulled up and laid back down. She asks the nurse what is going on with her baby. What is the best explanation for this response? A) Your baby is experiencing gas, and this movement helps to expel it. B) Your baby is demonstrating a normal CNS response called the Moro reflex. C) Your baby is experiencing the signs and symptoms of an abnormal neural response to being startled. D) Your babys actions are normal automatic movements to help maintain core body temperature. 8. Of the following components of psychosocial development in the neonate and infant, which one facilitates emotional linkage between a baby and caregiver? A) bonding B) attachment C) play D) temperament 9. A nurse is teaching a group of parents about the dangers of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The nurse recommends that parents place their children on a firm surface laying on their: A) left side B) right side C) abdomen D) back 10. A nurse is observing a group of toddlers at play. What behavior illustrates normal physiologic development in children of this age? A) attempting to feed self B) using fingers to pick up small objects C) throwing and catching a ball lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 178 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () D) understanding the feelings of others 11. A nurse watches as a child continuously tells her mother no! to each comment the mother makes. The nurse knows that this behavior termed negativism is characteristic of which of the following developmental groups? A) toddler B) preschooler C) school-aged child D) adolescent 12. A preschooler is in Kohlbergs preconventional phase of moral reasoning. What is the focus of the phase? A) to learn sex differences and modesty B) a sexual desire for the opposite sex C) obeying rules to avoid punishment D) literal concept of God as a male human 13. Which of the following sets of terms best characterizes the school-aged child? A) reflexes, alert state, temperament B) negativism, regression, anal stage C) preoperational, asking why, fears D) doing, succeeding, accomplishing 14. What social group prepares the school-aged child to get along in the larger world and teaches appropriate sex role behavior? A) parents B) peers C) siblings D) grandparents lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 179 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 15. A student nurse reading a patients chart notes that the physician has documented an adolescent as prepubescent. What does the term prepubescent mean? A) adult secondary sex characteristics are present B) ova and sperm are produced by the reproductive organs C) reproductive organs do not yet produce ova and sperm D) active sexual behavior has been initiated 16. A 20-year-old college student is preparing for a career as a teacher. What need initially influences the decision to establish a career? A) overcoming low self-esteem B) becoming independent of ones family C) establishing ones own moral philosophy D) demonstrating industry and spirituality 17. A nurse is teaching a young couple about the normal changes during pregnancy. What should be included in the teaching sessions about the expectant fathers role? A) Nothing, the mothers preparation is more important. B) In a traditional family, the mother is responsible for childcare. C) The importance of feeling pride as a future parent. D) The provision of support in meeting maternal needs. 18. What is the primary risk to the developing fetus of cocaine use during pregnancy? A) decreased fetal circulation and oxygenation B) increased maternal weight gain and edema C) neural tube defects and low birth weight D) respiratory difficulties and excess mucus lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 180 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 19. A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant about possible health problems during infancy. Which of the following health problems during infancy is most serious? A) colic B) seborrheic dermatitis C) failure to thrive D) SIDS 20. A nurse is explaining ADHD to a community parents group. What characteristics of this disorder are exhibited by an affected child? A) daydreams, math difficulties, speech problems B) inattention, impulsiveness, hyperactivity C) enuresis, shyness, scoliosis D) separation anxiety, reading difficulties, boredom 21. An adolescent patient tells the nurse, I just dont want to live anymore. What should the nurse do next? A) Document the adolescents statement in the patient record. B) Sit down and discuss all the reasons there are for living. C) Make an immediate referral to a suicide-prevention professional. D) Laughingly, teach the adolescent about making scary statements. 22. A mother of three children under the age of 4 tells the nurse, I dont understand why my children are so hard to toilet train before they are 2. How should the nurse respond? A) Bladder control during the day usually occurs by ages 2.5 to 3 years. B) Do you think you are doing something wrong? They should be trained. C) I dont know. I will have to talk to your doctor, and I will let you know. D) I had that same problem. You just have to try harder. lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 181 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 23. A nurse is teaching a group of expectant parents about infant safety. Which of the following is mandated by the law to promote infant safety? A) lowering temperatures on hot water heaters B) covering electrical outlets with safety prongs C) removing all cords from mini-blinds and drapes D) using special car safety seats and restraints 24. A student nurse is assigned to care for a preschool child who is scheduled for surgery. How can the student decrease the childs fears about the surgery? A) Explain that nothing is going to hurt and that it will soon be over. B) Be honest about pain and use words the child can understand. C) Ask the childs parents to pretend that nothing is going to be done. D) Ignore the childs fears and focus on teaching the parents. 25. Which of the following would be an appropriate topic for a nurse to present at an elementary school PTA meeting? A) prevention of congenital anomalies B) dangers of smoking and drinking during pregnancy C) importance of bonding and attachment D) commonality of communicable diseases 26. A young adult tells the nurse that he has been sexually active with his girlfriend. What teaching is most important for this individual? A) proper hygiene B) condom use C) relationships lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 182 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () D) stress 27. A school nurse is concerned about the almost skeletal appearance of one of the high school students. Although all of the following nutritional problems can occur in adolescents, which one is most often associated with a negative self-concept? A) eating fast foods B) obesity C) fad dieting D) anorexia nervosa Answer Key 1. A, E 2. A, B, C 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 183 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. D lOMoAR cPSD| Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing (9th Edition by Taylor) 184 Downloaded by Jennifer Follano () Chapter 23: The Aging Adult 1. According to the free radical theory of aging, what substance is affected by aging and causes damage? A) carbohydrates B) proteins C) water D) lipids 2. Which aging theory describes a chemical reaction that produces damage to the DNA and cell death? A) genetic theory B) immunity theory C) cross-linkage theory D) free radical theory 3. According to Erikson, the middle adult is in a period of generativity versus stagnation. What happens if developmental tasks are not achieved? A) physical changes are denied B) health needs become a major concern