NAPLEX Infectious Disease Questions and Answers;(perfect guide for your final)

Empiric treatment for Meningitis for newborn to 1 month - ampicillin plus either cefotaxime or an AG empiric treatment for meningitis for 1 month old to 50 year old - vanco + ceftriaxone or cefotaxime empiric treatment for meningitis 50 y/o or older - vanco + ampicillin + ceftriaxone or cefotaxime what is bacterial organism that causes meningitis is not treated with single therapy of ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ampicillin or pen G (i.e. none of those drugs are rec'd trx))? - strep pneumoniae Which two organisms that cause meningitis have a recommended treatment with ampicillin or pen G? - listeria monocytogenes and streptococcus agalactiae what is the recommended therapy for meningitis caused by neisseria meningitidis, H. influenza, or E. coli? - ceftriaxone or cefotaxime what is the preferred treatment for MRSA meningitis? - vancomycin with possible add of rifampin (consider 25-30 mg/kg LD of vanc). alternative can use linezolid or TMP-SMX what is the empiric initial treatment for endocarditis? - vancomycin, to cover MRSA unless the MIC of s. aureus is 2mg/dL - use daptomycin is Linezolid a good choice for catheter-related infections? - no, only as secondary trx for VRE catheter infections name some reasons a pt should get empiric coverage of CAnddia for endocarditis? - femoral catheter, TPN use, prolonged abx use, hematologic malignancy, transplant, or colonization of candidahow long should treatment of uncomplicated catheter related infections last? - coag-neg staph is 5-7 days, but all others are 7-14 day therapy courses ANC equation - ANC= (%bands + % segs) x WBC what ANC defines neutropenia? - 500 cells/mL, fever may be the only symptom diagnostic criteria for febrile neutropenia - ANC 500 with either a single temp /= 38.3C (100.9F), or temp /= 38C (100.4) for over 1 hour. initial treatment for low risk febrile neutropenia - oral cipro + amox-clav initial treatment for high risk febrile neutropenia - cefepime, pip/tazo, or a carbapenem what are some things that make a patient high risk febrile neutropenia (MASCC 21)? - since you won't remember everything, just guess that if a patient is 60 and had moderate symptoms, hypotension, COPD, a solid tumor, and is dehydrated or an inpatient - that means they are a high risk FN what types of bronchitis require treatment? - acute bronchitis caused by B. pertussis & acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. simple acute bronchitis does NOT warrant abx trx. What are the third generation cephalosporins? - CefDINir, CeFIXime, CefoTAXime, CefpoDOXime, CefTAZidime, CeftiBUTen, CeftriAXOne, (DIN, FIX, TAX, DOX, TAZ, BUT, AXO) Cefepime is what generation cephalosporin? What is it active against? - Fourth, Pseudomonas What is the fifth (or unclassified) generation cephalosporin? what is it active against? - Ceftaroline (Teflaro), MRSA Name the first generation cephs? - cefaDROXil, CeFAZOLIn, Cephalexin, (flexin at fazoli's