Medsurg Ch. 50 Diabetes and Hypoglycemia
1. A nurse is caring for a 9-year-old girl who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and tells the nurse
she is eager to return to school and participate in sports. The mother tells the nurse she is afraid to let
her take part in physical activities at school. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
a. "You might want to consider teaching your daughter at home."
b. "You are overprotective. Let's talk about this some more."
c. "I agree. Her well-being is the most important thing."
d. "Tell me more about how you are feeling about your daughter's activities." - "Tell me more about
how you are feeling about your daughter's activities."
2. If a person meets one or more of the four criteria on two separate occasions, he/she is considered to
have Diabetes Mellitus. (Select all that apply)
a. Fasting serum glucose levels between 70mg/dL and 100mg/dL
b. Hemoglobin A1c that is greater than or equal to 6.5%
c. A two-hour post prandial glucose level that is greater than or equal to 200mg/dL during an oral
glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
d. A fasting serum glucose level that is greater than or equal to 126mg/dL
e. A fasting plasma glucose level from 100mg/dL to 125mg/dL
f. Polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss - B, C, D, F
3. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports foot pain. The nurse
should evaluate the client for which of the following alterations as indications that the client has an
infection? (Select all that apply)
a. An increase in RBCs
b. Localized edema
c. An increase in platelets
d. An increase in neutrophils
e. bradycardia - B, D
, 4. Which of the following comprise the classic signs and symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus? (Select all that
apply)
a. Polysaccharide
b. Polydipsia
c. Polyneuritis
d. Polyphagia
e. Polyhedrosis
f. Polyuria - B, D, F
5. A patient has been admitted with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). The
blood glucose level is very high (880 mg/dL) on admission. The physician believes that the condition is
the result of large amounts of glucose solutions administered intravenously (IV) during renal dialysis.
What should the nurse anticipate that the patient would exhibit?
a. Fruity breath and a high level of ketones in her urine
b. Severe dehydration and hypernatremia caused by the hyperglycemia
c. Exactly the same symptoms and signs as DKA
d. Kussmaul respirations, nausea, and vomiting - Severe dehydration and hypernatremia caused by the
hyperglycemia
6. As part of a teaching plan in preparation for discharge, a patient with type 1 diabetes needs
guidelines for exercise. Which guideline should be included?
a. Plan exercise so that it coincides with the peak action of insulin.
b. Insulin should be injected into the lower extremity before exercise because that site provides the
greatest absorption.
c. Exercise should be performed daily at the same time of day and at the same intensity.
d. Keep exercise at a minimum to conserve your energy. - Exercise should be performed daily at the
same time of day and at the same intensity.
7. What has most likely occurred in a patient who has been diagnosed with endogenous hypoglycemia?
a. Taken an overdose of hypoglycemic drugs
b. Been following a very restricted fasting diet or is malnourished
c. Excessive secretion of insulin or an increase in glucose metabolism
1. A nurse is caring for a 9-year-old girl who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and tells the nurse
she is eager to return to school and participate in sports. The mother tells the nurse she is afraid to let
her take part in physical activities at school. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
a. "You might want to consider teaching your daughter at home."
b. "You are overprotective. Let's talk about this some more."
c. "I agree. Her well-being is the most important thing."
d. "Tell me more about how you are feeling about your daughter's activities." - "Tell me more about
how you are feeling about your daughter's activities."
2. If a person meets one or more of the four criteria on two separate occasions, he/she is considered to
have Diabetes Mellitus. (Select all that apply)
a. Fasting serum glucose levels between 70mg/dL and 100mg/dL
b. Hemoglobin A1c that is greater than or equal to 6.5%
c. A two-hour post prandial glucose level that is greater than or equal to 200mg/dL during an oral
glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
d. A fasting serum glucose level that is greater than or equal to 126mg/dL
e. A fasting plasma glucose level from 100mg/dL to 125mg/dL
f. Polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss - B, C, D, F
3. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports foot pain. The nurse
should evaluate the client for which of the following alterations as indications that the client has an
infection? (Select all that apply)
a. An increase in RBCs
b. Localized edema
c. An increase in platelets
d. An increase in neutrophils
e. bradycardia - B, D
, 4. Which of the following comprise the classic signs and symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus? (Select all that
apply)
a. Polysaccharide
b. Polydipsia
c. Polyneuritis
d. Polyphagia
e. Polyhedrosis
f. Polyuria - B, D, F
5. A patient has been admitted with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). The
blood glucose level is very high (880 mg/dL) on admission. The physician believes that the condition is
the result of large amounts of glucose solutions administered intravenously (IV) during renal dialysis.
What should the nurse anticipate that the patient would exhibit?
a. Fruity breath and a high level of ketones in her urine
b. Severe dehydration and hypernatremia caused by the hyperglycemia
c. Exactly the same symptoms and signs as DKA
d. Kussmaul respirations, nausea, and vomiting - Severe dehydration and hypernatremia caused by the
hyperglycemia
6. As part of a teaching plan in preparation for discharge, a patient with type 1 diabetes needs
guidelines for exercise. Which guideline should be included?
a. Plan exercise so that it coincides with the peak action of insulin.
b. Insulin should be injected into the lower extremity before exercise because that site provides the
greatest absorption.
c. Exercise should be performed daily at the same time of day and at the same intensity.
d. Keep exercise at a minimum to conserve your energy. - Exercise should be performed daily at the
same time of day and at the same intensity.
7. What has most likely occurred in a patient who has been diagnosed with endogenous hypoglycemia?
a. Taken an overdose of hypoglycemic drugs
b. Been following a very restricted fasting diet or is malnourished
c. Excessive secretion of insulin or an increase in glucose metabolism
