HESI 1 Exam Questions and Correct Solutions 100% Correct

Steps of mitosis - Prophase: Chromosomes are visibly separate and each duplicated chromosome has two noticeable sister chromatids Prometaphase: The nuclear envelope begins to disappear and the chromosomes begin to attach to the spindle that is forming along the axis of the cell Metaphase: Chromosomes align along the center of the cell in what is called the metaphase plate Anaphase: Begins when chromosomes begin separating. In this phase, chromatids are considered separate chromosomes Telophase: Chromosomes gather on either side of the now separating cell. This marks the end of mitosis. neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils - Known as granulocytes Neutrophils - attack and destroy bacteria and viruses Eosinophils - fight against parasitic infections Basophils - respond to histamine-releasing allergens The central cavity of the cochlea in the inner ear which contains sound-transducing neurons is the - cochlear duct What is a verb? - An action or state of being What is a noun - A person, place, thing, or idea What is an adverb? - a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc. Prokaryotic cells are cells that have - no defined nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles 1 inch is how many cm? - 2.54 cm An oligosaccharide is formed when _____ to _____ monosaccharides are joined together How many make a polysaccharide? - when three to six monosaccharides are joined together 8-12 make a polysaccharide Which organelle has the ability to hydrolyze fats, nucleic acids, proteins, and sugars? - lysosomes How many pints in a gallon? - 8 pints to 1 gallon Prokaryotic ____ are slightly smaller than those present in eukaryotic cells and are found numbering in the thousands, floating freely throughout the cytoplasm - ribosomes What is C in Roman numerals? - 100 What is L in Roman numerals? - 50 What three functions do carbohydrates serve? - storage structure energy What is an interjection? - A word that shows strong emotion or surprise. What happens to arteries as they get farther from the heart? - They get thinner Becoming arterioles The shaft of a long bone is mainly composed of which of the following? Spongy bone Compact bone Cancellous bone Dense bone - Compact bone The irregular epiphysis of a long bone is mainly composed of - spongy bone aka cancellous bone What is the process of white blood cells eat aging red blood cells and release the contents into the blood? - Phagocytosis What is hematopoiesis? - blood cell formation What is thrombopoiesis? - production of platelets How do you calculate percent change? - new-old/old How many ounces in a gallon - 128 ounces Convert 2006 to a roman numeral - MMVI M = 1000 So MM is 1000 + 1000 = 2000 What are the two types of asexual reproduction? - binary fission and mitosis Binary fission occurs in what happens? - bacteria chromosome binds to the plasma membrane, where it replicates. As the cell grows, it pinches in two, producing two identical cells Growth hormones, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic, and luteinizing hormones are all produced by which of the following endocrine system glands? - pituitary gland What particle is emitted through alpha radiation? - Helium nucleus