Medical Surgical Immune and Infectious Practice Quiz Latest Update 2023/2024 (30 Q&A)

Medical Surgical Immune and Infectious Practice Quiz 1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has AIDS about the transmission of Pnuemocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? PCP results from an impaired immune system The nurse should explain that the organism that causes PCP exists as part of the normal flora of the lungs and develops into a fungus. It becomes an aggressive pathogen when the immune system is compromised and the infection results from an impaired immune system. 2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has genital herpes about self-management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Pour running water over the lesions when urinating. The nurse should instruct the client to pour running water over the lesions when urinating to relieve discomfort. 3. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has an exacerbation of herpes zoster. Which of the following manifestations of the client's skin should the nurse expect to see? Unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions Herpes zoster, or shingles, results from the reactivation of a dormant varicella virus. It is the acute, unilateral inflammation of the dorsal root ganglion. The infection typically develops in adults and produces localized vesicular lesions confined to a dermatome. It produces unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions. 4. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has human immunodeficiency virus. Which of the following types of isolate should the nurse implement to prevent transmission of HIV? Standard precautions Standard precautions should be implemented with every client, to prevent the spread of infection transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infectious blood or body fluids. Because HIV is spread through blood and body fluids, standard precautions are appropriate. 5. A nurse is collecting data from a client who had radioallergosorbent (RAST) testing completed due to seasonal allergies. The nurse should anticipate an elevation in which of the following laboratory values? IgE (immunoglobulin E) RAST testing involves measuring the quantity of IgE, an immunoglobulin, present in serum after exposure to specific antigens selected on a basis of the client’s symptom history. An elevated IgE indicates a positive response and is common among clients who have a history of allergic manifestations, anaphylaxis, and asthma. 6. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the manifestations of an allergic reaction. The nurse should explain that histamine release causes which of the following reactions? Increased mucus secretion The nurse should instruct the client that increased mucus secretion is a manifestation of histamine release. Histamine is the neurotransmitter the body produces during an allergic reaction. 7. A nurse is preparing to administer a Mantoux skin test to a client. The nurse should inform the client that the purpose of a Mantoux skin test using purified protein derivative (PPD) is to do which of the following actions? Identify if a client has been infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. The nurse should inform the client that the Mantoux skin test is used to identify individuals who have been infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. 8. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a diagnosis of hepatitis A. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? I should stop eating raw clams. Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through consumption of contaminated fruits, vegetables, water, milk, or uncooked shellfish. Individuals who eat raw or steamed shellfish are at increased risk for acquiring Hepatitis A. 9. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? Monitor your body temperature and report any elevations promptly. SLE is a chronic autoimmune disorder that can affect any organ of the body. With SLE, the body’s immune system becomes hyperactive, forming antibodies that attack tissues and organs, including the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, heart, lungs, and blood. SLE is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remissions. The nurse should teach the client to monitor body temperature and report any elevations promptly, as fever can suggest either an exacerbation or a potentially life-threatening infection. 10. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is being treated for genital warts. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands how to prevent transmission of his sexually transmitted infection (STI)? I will bring my sexual partner in for treatment.