UWF: EDF6225-FOUNDATIONS OF ABA (EXAM 1)|UPDATED&VERIFIED|100% SOLVED|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

Although most of you are preparing for the BACB certification exam, please know that the material is based on the work of ________ and his science and philosophy of human behavior. There are occasions where we may spend time on items that are no longer specifically required for the exam, but we feel are required to be an excellent behavior scientist. B.F. Skinner The ________ is the only standardized form of data measurement in our science. In this course, you will be charting your own behavior - specifically your daily study of ABA terminology. Standard Celeration Chart (SCC) The Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) is the single governing body for professionals in the field of _______. The BACB was established in 1998 to provide certification to professionals in an effort to establish minimum criteria to be a reactionary in the field. Applied Behavior Analysis The standard celeration chart is the only standardized form of data ______ in our science. measurement The word _______ refers to a systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world. systematic approach Scientific investigations can yield information regarding the three levels of understanding, which are _____ ,_______ , and _______. description, prediction, control. What is the purpose for this systematic approach? -To achieve a thorough understanding of the phenomena under study. -To seek to discover the real truths. --so no bias by groups or organizations --or by the scientists themselves. _______ studies produce a collection of facts about the observed events that can be quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations with other known facts. (Can also suggest hypothesis, questions, or additional research ideas.) Description The highest level of scientific understanding is ________ . In this regard, we specifically manipulate one event (the independent variable) in order to produce a reliable change in another event (the dependent variable), and the change in the dependent variable is not likely due to other extraneous factors (known as confounding variables). This relationship is referred to as a _______. Control; functional relationship The _________ is the event in which we observe change. dependent variable What is a functional relationship? It exists when a well-controlled experiment demonstrates that a specific change in one event (the dependent variable) is reliably produced by specific manipulations of another event (the independent variable), and that the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of other extraneous factors (confounding variables). The _______ is the event in which we manipulate. independent variable The "behavior" we wish to change in behavior analysis is known as the _________. (2) dependent variable (2) The "intervention" we employ in behavior analysis is known as the ________. (2) independent variable (2) When we apply an intervention, we are manipulating the _______ . The change we see in the target behavior is known as the ________. independent variable; dependent variable A _______ is demonstrated when we ________ the independent variable and see a ____ in the dependent variable and that change is not likely due to______. functional relationship; manipulate; change; extraneous variables ______ is the assumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which phenomena occur as a result of other events. _______ is the objective observation of the phenomena of interest. _______ is the repeating of experiments to determine the reliability and usefulness of the findings. Determinism; Empiricism; Replication What is Determinism? -The idea that scientists follow that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as the result of other events. -Events do not occur at will. -Events are related in systematic ways. What is Accidentalism? The idea that events occur by accident or without cause. What is Fatalism? the belief that all events are predetermined and therefore inevitable. The scientific discovery of functional relations and use of these discoveries to improve things would be impossible. Can Accidentalism and Fatalism occur concurrently with Determinism? NO. They are actually antithetical (opposite) to determinism. What is Empiricism? The practice of object observation of the phenomena or interest. The basis on which all scientific knowledge is built from. _______ is ensuring we consider the simplest, most logical explanation of a phenomenon before more complex explanations are considered. Parsimony What is parsimony? all simple explanations are ruled out before more complex or abstract explanations are considered. Why is parsimony important? Parsimonious interpretations help scientists assess and fit new findings within the field's existing knowledge base. A fully parsimonious interpretation consists only of those elements that are necessary and sufficient to explain the phenomenon at hand. In other words, given a choice between two competing and compelling explanations for the same phenomenon, one should shave off extraneous variables and choose the simplest explanation, the one that requires the fewest assumptions. What is an experiment? A controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomena of interest (DV) under two or more different conditions in which only one factor at a time (IV) differs from one condition to another. What is replication? The exact repeating of scientific experiments. Why is replication important? It is the primary method with which scientist determine the reliability and usefulness of their findings and discover their mistakes. Replication is the primary reason science is self-correcting Enterprise that ultimately gets it right (not the infallibility or inherent honesty of scientists). (in ABA replication to be done with the exact same experiment, or reintroducing the same condition more than one time to see if you get the same results each time. This is essentially using someone as their own control group doing a single subject design we can get that replication using the same person over and over again) What is philosophic doubt? -The Continuous questioning of the truthfulness and the validity of all scientific theory and knowledge. -Using scientific evidence before implementing a new practice and monitoring the effectiveness of the practice after its implementation. Why is philosophic doubt important? The skeptical practitioner not only requires scientific evidence before implementing a new practice but also evaluates continually it's effectiveness once the practice has been implemented. Practitioners must be particularly skeptical of extraordinary claims made for the effectiveness of new theories, therapies, or treatments. You need to continuously question everything or you're missing the opportunity to expand on knowledge that's already found and your decreasing the credibility of something by not continuously researching and questioning. Behavior analysis has three major branches: behaviorism, the experimental analysis of behavior, and applied behavior analysis. _______ is the natural science approach for discovering orderly and reliable relations between behavior and various type of environmental variables of which is the function. _______ is the philosophy of the science of behavior. Observable behavior; Behaviorism