Audiology Praxis 5343 Exam 2023

Audiology Praxis 5343 Exam 2023 What is the relationship between fundamental frequencies and harmonics? - AnswerF0= lowest freq component of a complex periodic sound; harmonic is a regular and repeating multiple of the f0 In which frequencies and at what intensities are most speech sounds produced? - Answer-When applied to speech, the human voice spans a range from about 125Hz to 8kHz. 55-65 dB Define threshold - Answer-"Threshold is defined as the lowest decibel hearing level at which responses occur in at least one half of a series of ascending trials. The minimum number of responses needed to determine the threshold of hearing is two responses out of three presentations at a single level ." What is the relationship between sound pressure level (SPL) and hearing level (HL)? - Answer-dB HL normalizes SPL scale to 0 because we do not hear the same at all frequencies. Our ears do not perceive low- and high-frequency sounds as well as they do sounds between 500 and 4,000 Hz. Thus, normal hearing, if plotted on an audiogram using the SPL scale, would be a curved, wavy line. Describe the function of each of the three major parts of the hearing mechanism - Answer-OUTER: Pinna-- Funneling of sound & localization. Ear canal-- Amplifies sounds & protects TM MIDDLE: Reduces impedance mismatch & Protects from loud sounds (also, Eustachian tube equalizes pressure BC for the TM to vibrate, the air pressure needs to be equal on each side of the TM.) INNER: amplify sounds, frequency selectivity, converts sound to electrical signal, maintain balance Function of outer and inner hair cells? - Answer-OUTER: Amplification of displacement on the traveling wave & frequency selectivity (active processes are here) INNER: Nerve excitation= send signals to auditory nerve What are the fluids found in the labyrinths of the inner ear? - Answer-Scala vestibuli: Perilymph Scala media: Endolymph Scala tympani: Perilymph What impacts can hearing loss cause for learning in children? - Answer-Delay in speech and language, reduced academic achievement and vocabulary, lessened literacy skills, social isolation and poor self-concept, vocational choices CONTINUES...