Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function Questions with correct answers

Besides dyspnea, what is the most common characteristic associated with pulmonary disease? a. Chest pain b. Digit clubbing c. Cough d. Hemoptysis correct answer ANS: C Pulmonary disease is associated with many signs and symptoms, and their specific characteristics often help in identifying the underlying disorder. The most common characteristics are dyspnea and cough. Others include abnormal sputum, hemoptysis, altered breathing patterns, hypoventilation and hyperventilation, cyanosis, clubbing of the digits, and chest pain. Sitting up in a forward-leaning position generally relieves which breathing disorder? a. Hyperpnea b. Orthopnea c. Apnea d. Dyspnea on exertion correct answer ANS: B Of the options available, only orthopnea is generally relieved by sitting up in a forward-leaning posture or supporting the upper body on several pillows. Kussmaul respirations as a respiratory pattern may be associated with which characteristic(s)? a. Alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing b. Pulmonary fibrosis c. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease d. Slightly increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes, and no expiratory pause correct answer ANS: D Kussmaul respirations are characterized by a slightly increased ventilatory rate, very large tidal volume, and no expiratory pause.