NUR 2349 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2023 (Exam 3 Possible study guide – Key Concepts MODULE 6)

LATEST 2023 (Exam 3 Possible study guide – Key Concepts MODULE 6) Nur1 – Exam 3 Possible study guide – Key Concepts MODULE 6  What is Immunity? The normal physiologic response to microorganisms and proteins as well as conditions associated with an inadequate or excessive immune response.  Local signs of inflammation- pain, heat, redness, swelling, loss of function (severe)  B lymphocyte function in immune response (plasma cells, memory cells, Ig cells) Immunoglobulins are responsible for primary response to invading bacteria and viruses and provide the humoral immunity component of an immune response  What are the 3 types of T lymphocytes (T cells) 1. Helper T cells (CD4)- helps in functions, regulates most functions via the protein mediators, lymphokines. They direct and encourage other T cells to help activate B lymphocytes. 2. Cytotoxic T cells (killer cells): directly kill foreign antigens and may kill self-cells 3. Suppressor T cells: suppress the function of both helper and cytotoxic T cells in order to prevent hyperimmune responses  What is cell-mediated immunity? Immune response that involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.  What is primary immunodeficiency (PI) ? when the entire immune defense system is inadequate and the client is missing some or all of the components for a complete immune response  Secondary immunodeficiency (SI) develop for immunocompromised patients ex: MRSA, C-Dif  What are the 4 types of exaggerated immune responses? Type I: IgE-mediated or atopic "allergic" seasonal allergic rhinitis, bee stings Type II: tissue specific or cytotoxic Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, Graves' disease Type III: Immune complexmediated ystemic lupus erythematosus Type IV: cell-mediated or delayed hypersensitivity contact sensitivity to poison ivy and metals (jewelry)  Common diagnostic tests for Immune Function Primary testing: RBC & WBC count with diferential, fluorescent antinuclear antibody, c-reactive proten (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), Disease-Specific testing: allergy testing genetic testing: Rheumatoid factors (RFs), Western blot test, organ function test, TORCH antibody panel  Pharmacotherapy for exaggerated immune response corticosteriods and NSAIDs for immunosuppression and pain management  What is an immunogen? A substance capable of inducing an immune response  Leukocytes WBC, originate from the bone marrow. spend most of their time in storage, in lymphoid tissues, or dispersed throughout the host tissues.  How does leukocytes get around? use blood mainly as a transport system to travel to areas of the body where they are needed  Six families of leukocytes that have distinct roles inthe body's defense  monocyte-macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, granulocytes, lymphocytes, and NK cells.  Monocytes (Macrophages aka EATERs) are leukocytes found in relatively small quantities in the blood, because most of them are either in the tissues or stored in the bone marrow. Fully diferentiated stage is called a