39 Female Reproductive System Structure and Function Questions and Answers 2023

39 Female Reproductive System Structure and Function Questions and Answers 2023 female reproductive system organs ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia, mammary glands ovaries produce gametes (oocytes) uterine tubes transport oocytes uterus protect and nourish the developing embryo and fetus oocytes produced in the ovary and are released during ovulation ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone 3 ligaments that anchor ovaries: broad ligaments, ovarian ligaments, suspensory ligaments broad ligament attaches to each ovary and secures the uterine tube in place ovarian ligament attaches ovary to uterus suspensory ligament attaches ovary to pelvic wall in lumbar region and surrounds the ovarian artery and ovarian vein uterine (fallopian) tubes (oviducts) curve around ovaries to receive and transport the oocyte to the superior part of uterus 3 regions of uterine tube infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus fimbriae finger-like structures projecting from infundibulum -sweeps oocyte into infundibulum during ovulation ampulla longest region of uterine tube -location of fertilization of oocyte by sperm lumen of uterine tubes lines with ciliated columnar epithelium zygote fertilized egg 3 main regions of the uterus fundus, body, cervix uterine cavity space within uterus cervical canal cavity within cervix internal os constricted opening between uterus and cervix external os opening between cervix ad vagina three layers of uterus permimetrium, myometrium, endometrium perimetrium outer layer part of visceral peritonium (serosa) myometrium -middle layer -consists of oblique, circular, longitudinal layers of smooth muscle endometrium inner -vascular layer lining uterine cavity broad ligaments of uterus attach uterus to lateral pelvic walls round ligaments attach uterus to labia majora of external genitalia vulva (pudendum) external female genitalia vulva consists of mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule mons pubis adipose tissue covers pubic synthesis labia majora adipose tissue covered covered with skin and pubic hair labia minora folds of skin without pubic hair clitoris cylindrical erectile tissue prepuce covers body of the clitoris like a hood leaving some exposed vestibule contains external urethral orifice, vaginal orifice, hymen, and openings of glands that secrete mucus for lubrication hymen partially blocks the orifice mammary glands -modified sweat glands -secrete milk for offspring internal structures of mammary glands alveoli, lobules, lobes, mammary ducts, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous ducts, adipose tissue alveoli milk producing glands that arranged in clusters called lobules lactiferous ducts secrete milk out of nipple Milk secretion from alveoli glands in lobules to the mammary ducts to seminferous sinuses to seminferous ducts out of the nipple