BIOD 121 (portage) Module 4: Vitamins and Minearls

BIOD 121 (portage) Module 4: Vitamins and Minearls Vitamins Correct answer- organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts, almost exclusively obtained through the diet. Function of vitamines? Correct answer- help regulate and support a variety of processes related to digestion, absorption, metabolism, and body regulations. Yield no energy: Correct answer- vitamines Vitamins are important for: Correct answer- growth and maintenance of our bodies How many essential vitamins are there? Correct answer- 13 known Essential Vitamins: Correct answer- found in both plant and animal sources, and the majority cannot be synthesized by the human body. Exceptions to vitamins that do not have to be consumed by in the diet: Correct answer- Vitamin K and biotin (produced from gut flora in the GI tract), and vitamin D which is synthesized in the skin through sunlight Two vitamins can be produced through precursors: Correct answer- Vitamin A can be produced after we consume food containing beta carotene, and niacin can be produced when we consume foods containing the amino acid tryptophan. Organic compounds must meet 2 criteria in order to be considered a vitamin: Correct answer- 1) enough of the compound must be consumed in the diet to maintain health 2) symptoms of deficiency occur in the absence of the compound, resulting in declining health, but is restored when the deficiency is corrected. Why do we fortify and enrich our foods? Correct answer- During manufacturing of food, some nutrients are lost. Enrichment: Correct answer- the process of taking nutrients that were lost in the milling or processing of the food and adding them back to the final product Fortification Correct answer- process of supplementing a product with additional vitamins that would not normally be in that product (i.e. putting vitamin D in orange juice or adding vitamins to cereal) Vitamins can be classified as: Correct answer- fat soluble or water soluble