100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached 4.2 TrustPilot
logo-home
Summary

Samenvatting Uitgewerkte leerdoelen Genomica DT2

Rating
-
Sold
-
Pages
8
Uploaded on
26-06-2023
Written in
2022/2023

Dit zijn de uitgewerkte leerdoelen voor deeltoets 2 (bio-informatica), uitgebreid uitgelegd.

Institution
Course








Whoops! We can’t load your doc right now. Try again or contact support.

Written for

Institution
Study
Course

Document information

Uploaded on
June 26, 2023
Number of pages
8
Written in
2022/2023
Type
Summary

Subjects

Content preview

Leerdoelen DT2 - Bioinformatica


Describe the ‘omics: (meta-)genomics, (meta-)transcriptomics, (meta-)proteomics, metabolomics, etc.
Genomics: Sequence all of the DNA of one organism
Transcriptomics: Sequence all of the mRNA in an organism/tissue/cell
Proteomics: Sequence all of the proteins in an organism/tissue/cell
Metagenomics: Sequence the DNA of all organisms in a sample
Metatranscriptomics: Sequence the mRNA of all organisms in a sample
Metaproteomics: Sequence the proteins of all organisms in a sample

Explain the biology behind the ‘omics revolution: reduce bias by measuring all of a thing
-omics worden gebruikt om biases te verminderen. Mensen zijn erg geïnteresseerd in henzelf waardoor er
biases ontstaan. Door het gebruik van -omics worden deze verminderd.

Compare the two ways a bioinformatician exploits existing data to make new discoveries




Explain what a sequence alignment is and the difference between a global and local sequence
alignment
Een sequence alignment is een manier van het regelen van de sequentie van DNA, RNA of eiwit om
homologe regio’s te identificeren.
- Local sequence alignment: Dit zijn deels homologe sequenties, deze vindt de optimale sub-
alignment tussen twee sequenties.
- Global sequence alignment: Dit zijn geheel homologe seuqenties, die van begin tot eind hetzelfde
zijn. Vaak komt dit voor bij genduplicatie.

Explain the BLAST algorithm in detail and in the right order
1. Identifies all words (length W) in the query
a. Default lengths: W = 3 voor eiwit en W = 11 voor DNA.
b. Based on substitution scores.
2. Quickly finds similar words in the database:
a. Similar words are defined by using the substitution matrix.
b. The index quickly locates all potential hit sequences.
3. Extends seeds in both directions to find HSPs between query and hit.
a. HSP: region that can be aligned with a score above a certain threshold.

List the factors including heuristics that make BLAST fast
1. Het gebruik van k-mer search zorgt voor het snel vinden van potentiële hits.
2. Het gebruik van heuristics: dit is een praktische methode die niet gerandeerd op het optimale
resultaat maar sufficiënt is voor de gestelde eisen.

Define homology, similarity, and identity
Homology: Property of two sequences that have a shared ancestor. Homology is true or false: either you
are family or you are not.
Identity: percentage of identical residues in an alignment. Used for amino acids or nucleotides.
Similarity: percentage of amino acid residue in an alignment with a positive substitution score. Not used
for DNA.

Get to know the seller

Seller avatar
Reputation scores are based on the amount of documents a seller has sold for a fee and the reviews they have received for those documents. There are three levels: Bronze, Silver and Gold. The better the reputation, the more your can rely on the quality of the sellers work.
yanniekvos Universiteit Utrecht
Follow You need to be logged in order to follow users or courses
Sold
13
Member since
3 year
Number of followers
10
Documents
47
Last sold
1 year ago

4.0

1 reviews

5
0
4
1
3
0
2
0
1
0

Recently viewed by you

Why students choose Stuvia

Created by fellow students, verified by reviews

Quality you can trust: written by students who passed their tests and reviewed by others who've used these notes.

Didn't get what you expected? Choose another document

No worries! You can instantly pick a different document that better fits what you're looking for.

Pay as you like, start learning right away

No subscription, no commitments. Pay the way you're used to via credit card and download your PDF document instantly.

Student with book image

“Bought, downloaded, and aced it. It really can be that simple.”

Alisha Student

Frequently asked questions