Pathophysiology HESI question with correct answers 2023 updated to pass

Pathophysiology HESI question with correct answers 2023 updated to pass A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion develops chills, fever, and a headache 30 minutes after the transfusion is started. The nurse should recognize these symptoms as characteristic of what reaction? A. A mild allergic reaction. B. A febrile transfusion reaction. C. An anaphylactic transfusion reaction. D. An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. - correct answer B. A febrile transfusion reaction. The nurse is assessing a client with a ruptured small bowel and determines that the client has a temperature of 102.8o F. Which assessment finding provides the earliest indication that the client is experiencing septic shock? A. Bilateral crackles. B. Hyperpnea. C. Mucus production. D. Weak peripheral pulses. - correct answer B. Hyperpnea. The nurse is caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which is manifested by which symptoms? A. Loss of thirst, weight gain. B. Dependent edema, fever. C. Polydipsia, polyuria. D. Hypernatremia, tachypnea. - correct answer A. Loss of thirst, weight gain. A client is brought to the Emergency Center after a snow-skiing accident. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? A. Review the electrocardiogram tracing. B. Obtain blood for coagulation studies. C. Apply a warming blanket. D. Provide heated PO fluids. - correct answer A. Review the electrocardiogram tracing. Which pathophysiological response supports a client's vomiting experience? A. Sensory input of noxious stimuli relayed to the cognitive centers is associated with disgust and illicits vomiting. B. Response of stimulation of the posterior oropharynx results in reverse peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract. C. Spasmodic reflex of respiratory and gastric movements results from stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone. D. Increased gastric and colonic pressures move gastrointestinal contents to the orifice of least resistance. - correct answer C. Spasmodic reflex of respiratory and gastric movements results from stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone. The nurse reviews the complete blood count (CBC) findings of an adolescent with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The hemoglobin is 13.8 g/dl, hematocrit is 36.7%, white blood cell count is 8,200 mm3, and platelet count is 115,000 mm3. Based on these findings, what is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client's plan of care? A. Impaired gas exchange. B. Risk for infection. C. Risk for injury. D. Risk for activity intolerance. - correct answer C. Risk for injury. Which signs and symptoms are associated with arterial insufficiency? A. Pallor, intermittent claudication. B. Pedal edema, brown pigmentation. C. Blanched skin, lower extremity ulcers. D. Peripheral neuropathy, cold extremities. - correct answer A. Pallor, intermittent claudication.