Renal N5315 UTA Exam @ 2023
Calcitriol - Answer the active form of vitamin D which is converted in the kidneys.
-it helps with the absorption if Ca
podocytes - Answer cells in the Bowman's capsule in the kidneys that wrap around
capillaries of the glomeruli and have slits that blood is filtered through
JGA (juxtaglomerular apparatus) - Answer collection of cells consisting of
juxtaglomerular cells, macula dense, and the mesangial cells
juxtaglomerular cells - Answer cells that monitor renal pressure and help maintain a
normal GFR through the release of renin.
release of renin - Answer what helps increase GFR by the release of angiotensin II
which constricts the efferent arterial thereby increasing pressure of the glomerulus
ace inhibitors - Answer what med blocks the action of angiotensin II on the efferent
arterioles=renal protection in diabetics
Calcium stones - Answer most common stone.
caused by hyperparathyroidism=increased osteoblast activity which break down bone.
struvite stones - Answer stone made up of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate
salts
d/t chronic UTIs with urease producing bacteria=proteus & pseudomonas.
Uric acid stones - Answer stones caused by the breakdown of purine. D/T excess
purine intake or person with gout.
Cystine stones - Answer least common stone and most common occur in children
FeNa less than 1% - Answer indicates that the kidneys are conserving Na and is
indicative of pre-renal AKI
FeNa greater than 2% - Answer indicates that the kidneys are wasting Na and is
consistent with an acute tubular necrosis
BUN:Cr ratio >20 - Answer consistent with a pre-renal acute kidney injury
muddy brown cast cells - Answer these are seen in a UA with acute tubular necrosis
Calcitriol - Answer the active form of vitamin D which is converted in the kidneys.
-it helps with the absorption if Ca
podocytes - Answer cells in the Bowman's capsule in the kidneys that wrap around
capillaries of the glomeruli and have slits that blood is filtered through
JGA (juxtaglomerular apparatus) - Answer collection of cells consisting of
juxtaglomerular cells, macula dense, and the mesangial cells
juxtaglomerular cells - Answer cells that monitor renal pressure and help maintain a
normal GFR through the release of renin.
release of renin - Answer what helps increase GFR by the release of angiotensin II
which constricts the efferent arterial thereby increasing pressure of the glomerulus
ace inhibitors - Answer what med blocks the action of angiotensin II on the efferent
arterioles=renal protection in diabetics
Calcium stones - Answer most common stone.
caused by hyperparathyroidism=increased osteoblast activity which break down bone.
struvite stones - Answer stone made up of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate
salts
d/t chronic UTIs with urease producing bacteria=proteus & pseudomonas.
Uric acid stones - Answer stones caused by the breakdown of purine. D/T excess
purine intake or person with gout.
Cystine stones - Answer least common stone and most common occur in children
FeNa less than 1% - Answer indicates that the kidneys are conserving Na and is
indicative of pre-renal AKI
FeNa greater than 2% - Answer indicates that the kidneys are wasting Na and is
consistent with an acute tubular necrosis
BUN:Cr ratio >20 - Answer consistent with a pre-renal acute kidney injury
muddy brown cast cells - Answer these are seen in a UA with acute tubular necrosis
