NPTE EXAM Neuromuscular Review questions with correct answers

Cranial Nerve I - Answer 1. Olfactory- Smell 2. Test sense of smell on each side: use common non irritating odors; close off other nostrils 3. Anosmia (inability to detect smells), seen with frontal lobe lesions Cranial Nerve II - Answer 1. Optic- Vision 2. Test visual acuity. Central: Snellen chart; test each eye separately by covering other eye; test at distance of 20 ft. Visual fields: test peripheral vision by confrontation 3. Blindness, myopia (impaired far vision); presbyopia (impaired near vision). Visual defects: (homonymous hemianopsia and bitemporal hemianopsia) Cranial Nerve III - Answer 1. Oculomotor- Pupillary reflex (tests CN II afferent response and CN III efferent response). Accommodation. Convergence. Extraocular movements: turns eye up, down, in; constricts pupil and elevates eyelid. 2. Shine light in eye: pupil. Eye accommodates to light. Pupils move medially when viewing object at close range. Test extra ocular movements: ask patient to look up, down, medial and lateral 3. Absence of pupillary constriction in both eyes indicates CN II lesson and absent in tested eyes indicates CN III lesion. Lateral strabismus (Exotropia). Unequal pupils (Anisocoria). Lateral strabismus: eyeball turns lateral; can cause diplopia or nystagmus. CN III lesions also result in complete ptosis and dilated pupil. Cranial Nerve IV - Answer 1. Trochlear- Extraocular movements: turns adducted eye down 2. Ask patient to look in and down