68W ALC Phase 3 Test 2 LPC|2023 LATEST UPDATE|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

When would you likely see Lhermitte's sign Following a whiplash syndrome injury When visualizing back what should you look for for injuries? edema, erythema, ecchymosis, battle sign, neuro changes, step offs Primary spinal cord injury Results from cord being cut, torn, or crushed or by its blood supply being cut off Secondary Spinal Cord injury Caused by secondary effects from injury. Occurs from hypotension, generalized hypoxia, injury to blood vessels, edema, compression of cord from surrounding hemorrhage What are some causes of sciatica? Caused by injury to or compression of sciatic nerve. Usually due to intervertebral disk herniation causing compression of nerve roots Special Test for Sciatica Straight Leg Raise How much PT can usually manage Sciatica 3-4 weeks with medication for px Common exam findings with Sciatica Abnormal Posturing ROM Muscle strength What is the difference between muscle spasm and cramp? Force of the contraction. If it is quick contraction and release of muscle without px it is spasm. Cramp is prolonged with px Special Test for Muscle Strain MRI Special Test for muscle spasm Blood test Why do you use a blood test for muscle spasms? Check Na and other electrolytes for causing factors Number one cause of TBI in combat Blast injuries What are the three types of TBIs Mild, Moderate, Severe S/Sx Mild TBI Transient confusion, Delayed verbal or motor response, Disorientation, Slurred or coherent speech, Any period of LOC What is the most common type of TBI? Mild. Dead Man Walking S/Sx Moderate/Severe TBI LOC, Personality change, Severe persistent Headache, Repeating N&V, SZ, Inability to awaken, Dilation of both pupils, Slurred speech, Weakness or numbness in extremities, Loss of coordination, Increased confusion, What does MACE stand for? Military Acute Concussion Evaluation How often should Neuro testing be performed? Semiannually or as mission dictates to ID TBIs What are the five domains of MACE? Orientation, Immediate Memory, Neurological Screening, Concentration, Delayed Recall What are the mandated events that require MACE 1) Involved in vehicle associated blast event, collision, rollover 2) Within 50 meters of blast 3) Anyone who sustains a direct blow to head 4) Command directed, such as but not limited to repeated exposures What is a Red Flag Ominous sign of a worsening condition. Level 2 Evacuation Decision Red Flags 1) Any positive answer to MACE items V-VIII 2) Double vision 3) Worsening Headache 4) Cant recognize people; Disorientation to place 5) LOC 5 min 6) Weakness/numbness in arms/legs Level 3 Evacuation Decision Red Flags 1) Progressively declining levels of consciousness 2) Pupil asymmetry 3) SZ 4) Repeated Vomitting High Altitude Illness Cerebral and Pulmonary Syndromes that can develop in UN-acclimatized persons shorty after ascent to high altitude High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) acute accumulation of fluid in the alveoli due to rapid ascent in altitude High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) acute swelling of brain due to rapid ascent in altitude What are the ways to acclimatize a soldier? Staged and Graded Staged Ascent Soldiers will rise to a moderate altitude and remain there for 3 days or more before moving any higher. Should use several stops on way up Graded Ascent ... Diffusion Flow of gas or liquid from an area of higher concentration to lesser concentration Subjective findings on Dislocated shoulder Pain (Severe), Instability, Weakness, Inability to move shoulder, Numbness Objective findings on Dislocated shoulder Abnormal appearance, Positive Sulcus Sign, Swelling, Bruising Management of Dislocated shoulder 1) Reduction 2) Sling or improvised sling 3) Analgesic; NASAID 4) Pillow placed between 5) Rest and immobilize for NO MORE THAN 5-7 days 6) Strengthen exercising for muscle repair Subjective findings on Rotator Cuff Pain and tenderness, Shoulder weakness, Loss of shoulder ROM, Inclination to keep shoulder innactive, Atrophy or thinning of muscles surrounding Objective findings on Rotator Cuff Special tests: Drop Arm Exam and Jobes Exam (Supraspinatus Exam) Management and Interventions on Rotator Cuff Referral if unable to use arm or shoulder px has lasted more than 1 week. Use of sling Analgesic; NASAID Steroid injection Surgery Therapeutic Interventions on Rotator Cuff Rest and limited overhead activites Strengthening Excercises With TBI, it is imperative to focus on what three areas of evaluation? Cognitive, Physical, and Behavioral