TEST BANK FOR PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 10TH EDITION Stanhope - Complete Chapter 1-46.

TEST BANK FOR PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 10TH EDITION Stanhope - Complete Chapter 1-46. A nurse is implementing quality performance standards in a public health department. Which statement best describes the importance of this action? a. Quality performance standards are used to guide improvement in the public health system. b. Quality performance standards rigidly control public health. c. Quality performance standards guide administrators to monitor public health at the national level. d. Quality performance standards can be used as hiring guidelines for nurses. ANS: A These standards were developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1998. They set the bar for the level of performance that is necessary to deliver essential public health services (PHSs). These standards were developed around the 10 essential PHSs. They focus on the overall public health system rather than on single organizations and describe an optimal level of performance. They are intended to support a process of quality improvement. State and local communities can assess their performance using certain available tools. They are not meant to control public health or be used for hiring guidelines. NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 18. To better address emerging public health issues, a public health nurse (PHN) plans to complete continuing education in this area. Which content areas should be included in the course that is chosen? a. Leadership b. Ethics c. Communication d. Finance ANS: B Public health workers should be educated in eight content areas to be able to address emerging public health issues and advances in science and policy: (1) informatics, (2) genomics, (3) cultural competence, (4) community-based participatory research, (5) policy, (6) law, (7) global health, and (8) ethics. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 19. The public health workforce should demonstrate competency in which of the following competency categories? a. Financial planning and management b. Workforce needs assessment c. Acute care services d. Curriculum development ANS: A Workforce needs assessment, acute care services, and curriculum developments are not considered categories of core competencies of public health. Rather there are eight categories of competency, which include: (1) analytic/assessment, (2) policy development/program planning, (3) communication, (4) cultural competence, (5) community dimensions of practice, (6) basic public health sciences, (7) financial planning and management, and (8) leadership and systems thinking. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 20. Why is public health nursing considered a nursing specialty? a. It has a distinct focus and scope of practice. b. It requires a master’s degree in nursing. c. It is focused on disadvantaged citizens. d. It performs interventions at the acute care level. ANS: A Public health nursing has a distinct focus and requires a special knowledge base. The other answers are not characteristics of a specialty. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 21. The necessary basic preparation for public health nursing is what level of nursing education? a. Associate degree b. Baccalaureate degree c. Master’s degree d. Doctor of Nursing Practice ANS: B A Bachelor of Science in nursing (BSN) is the necessary basic preparation to function as a beginning staff PHN. An Associate degree is not enough for basic preparation. A Master’s degree or Doctor of Nursing Practice degree would be part of preparation for advanced practice. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 22. A public health nurse (PHN) has been prepared at the graduate level. Which activity should the practitioner be able to complete? a. Teaching public and community health nursing b. Assessing and intervening successfully at the aggregate level c. Diagnosing and treating disease while having earned prescriptive authority d. Running for political office as experts in public health policy ANS: B According to the Consensus Conference, specialists should have assessment skills that allow them to intervene at the aggregate level. Public health practitioners have a broad range of practice areas within public health and are not limited to only nursing and medicine. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 23. A public health nurse (PHN) provides clinic-based services for HIV-positive citizens in the community. Which term best describe this activity? a. Primary prevention b. Health education c. Tertiary prevention d. Policy making ANS: C This clinic is for clients who already have a disease process; therefore, it is tertiary prevention (preventing deterioration in a patient, a relapse, or disability and dependency by anticipatory nursing and medical care). Primary prevention is using general and specific measures in a population to promote health and prevent the development of disease (incidence) and using specific measures to prevent disease in those who are predisposed to developing a particular condition. Health education would involve providing specific education to this population. Policy making is formulating plans by an organization in order to make decisions. NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 24. A nurse is working in the community with an aggregate/population. Who is the nurse most likely to interact with? a. Students in a county school system b. Christians around the world c. A patient in the intensive care unit at the local hospital d. People who drink coffee ANS: A A population or aggregate is a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common. Members of a community who can be defined in terms of geography or a special interest can be seen as constituting a population. The clients in the first option share a geographical and special circumstance (school) characteristic. Christians around the world are too large of a geographical space. A patient cannot be an aggregate/population as there is no one to interact with. People who drink coffee share a common interest but may not share a common geographical location to interact. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 25. How is a population best defined? a. High-risk group b. Those interacting within a school or institutional setting c. Collection of individuals who share at least one common characteristic d. Geographical location within a community ANS: C A population or aggregate is a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common. High-risk groups, school or institutional setting, and geographical location within the community all describe types of populations, not the definition of population. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 26. Population-focused practice concentrates on defining the problems or needs of and implementing solutions for whom? a. Individuals b. Aggregates c. Communities d. Geographical regions ANS: B Aggregates are a defined population made up of individuals in communities of a specific geographical region. Population-focused practice is implemented with defined populations or subpopulations. This is larger than the scope of individual care but may not address the larger needs of the entire community or geographical region. NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 27. A nurse is using a population focus when providing public health nursing care. Which statement best describes the care that is being provided? a. Priority is given to the highest risk population. b. Direct caregiving is limited to preventive measures, such as administration of immunizations. c. Attention is given to the population or community, regardless of whether they do or do not access the health care system. d. Only populations outside institutional settings are considered. ANS: C PHNs are concerned with the health of the entire population. Priority is given to the entire population, not just the group at highest risk or those outside of institutional settings. Direct caregiving is not the focus of public health nursing care. DIF: Cognitive level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 28. A nurse is working in a community health nursing practice setting. Which intervention is the nurse most likely to implement? a. Administering a flu shot to a client in a physician’s office b. Conducting a flu shot clinic at a community center c. Performing a client assessment in a hospital d. Providing supervision of staff in a rehabilitation center ANS: A Community health nursing practice focuses on the health of individuals, families, and groups and the effect of their health status on the health of the whole community. Administering a flu shot to an individual is the only example that meets this criterion. Performing a client assessment focuses only on individual care, not the community. Providing supervision of staff does not focus on the community. Conducting a flu shot clinic at a community center focuses on protecting the community as a whole and would be considered public health nursing practice. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 29. Which statement about community health nursing practice is correct? a. It focuses on the delivery of personal health services to individuals and families. b. It provides care to protect the health of the whole community. c. It emphasizes the setting where care is provided for clients and families. d. It requires a baccalaureate preparation for practice. ANS: A NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Public health nursing provides care to protect the health of the community as a whole. Community-based nursing practice emphasizes the setting where care is provided for clients and families. It is generally assumed that a graduate of any baccalaureate program has the necessary basic preparation to function as a beginning staff PHN; however, this is not a requirement for public health nursing or community health nursing practices. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 30. A nurse is implementing community-based nursing care. Which intervention is the nurse most likely to complete? a. Assessing the health needs of a defined community b. Providing care to families in a community c. Promoting the health of an entire community d. Investigating environmental health problems in a community ANS: B Community-based nursing practice is a setting-specific practice whereby care is provided for families where they live, work, and attend school. The focus is on acute and chronic care and the provision of services. Providing care to families is the only intervention that accurately describes this definition. Assessing the health needs of a community, promoting the health needs of an entire community, and investigating environmental health problems in a community would be considered public health nursing practice. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 31. A nurse is conducting vision screenings on children in the school setting. Which type of nursing practice is the nurse performing? a. Community-oriented b. Public health c. Community health d. Community-based ANS: D Community-based nursing practice is a setting-specific practice whereby care is provided for clients and families where they live, work, and attend school. Community-oriented nursing emphasizes the prevention of disease and disability. Public health nursing focuses on the care within the whole community. Community health nursing focuses on the health status of individuals and the effect of their health status on the whole community. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 32. The nurse is investigating environmental health problems caused by contaminated ground water. Which type of nursing practice is being implemented? a. Community-oriented b. Community-based c. Policy development d. Tertiary care NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M ANS: A Community-oriented nursing emphasizes the prevention of disease and disability. Community-based nursing practice is a setting-specific practice whereby care is provided for clients and families where they live, work, and attend school. Policy development seeks to build constituencies that can help bring about change in public policy. Tertiary care focuses on highly specialized medical care. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 33. A public health staff nurse (PHN) who has a clear understanding of population-focused practice, would most likely engage in what activity? a. Volunteering for a local community action coalition b. Performing interventions with individuals in the community c. Improving the effectiveness of care provided d. Considering earning a PHN certification ANS: C Public health staff nurses who have a clear understanding of population-focused care improve their effectiveness and efficiency of practice; have professional satisfaction by seeing how individual care contributes to health at the population level; and appreciate the practice of others who are population-focused specialists. PHN specialists are prepared at the master’s level and function in an administrative role. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 34. Public health nurse (PHNs) are looking to improve population-focused care in the community. Which activity best describes a key opportunity for the nurses to accomplish this goal? a. Assuming traditional nursing roles b. Influencing public health policy c. Conducting community assessments d. Specializing in community-based nursing practice ANS: B PHNs must move into positions in which they can influence policy formation. They must assume positions that are not traditionally considered nursing. Conducting community assessments is part of public health nursing practice, not necessarily a key opportunity to improve practice. Specializing in community-based nursing practice is setting-specific and does not relate to a key opportunity to improve population-focused care. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 35. A local senator has proposed changes to the health care delivery system in the United States. Based on current trends, what is most likely to occur? a. There will be new opportunities provided for public health specialists. b. It will result in isolated care being provided to individuals. NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M c. There will be an increased emphasis in specialty care. d. It will increase the utilization of acute care services. ANS: A Proposed changes in the health care delivery system will provide new opportunities for public health specialists and result in the creation of new roles within the system. The proposed changes will build an integrated system (not isolated), decrease emphasis on acute care services, and focus on health promotion and disease prevention. DIF: Cognitive level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. What are considered barriers to public health nursing? (Select all that apply.) a. The mindset that the only role for the nurse is at the bedside. b. The structures within which nurses work and the process of role socialization within those structures. c. Few nurses receive graduate-level preparation in the concepts and strategies of the disciplines basic to public health. d. The steady decline in the number of job opportunities in the area. e. The inability to equally distribute the increasing funds. ANS: A, B, C Barriers exist in thinking that nurses only work in a hospital at the bedside, the process of role socialization in public health which can be a very autonomous profession, and that few nurses have had advanced education in public health. The number of job opportunities continues to increase, but the amount of funding allotted to public health continues to decline. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Chapter 02: History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing Stanhope: Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community, 10th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. In the past, what term was used to identify population-centered nurses? a. District nurses b. Almshouse nurses c. Soldier nurses d. Sisters ANS: A In the past, population-centered nurses have been called public health nurses (PHNs), district nurses, visiting nurses, school nurses, occupational health nurses, and home health nurses. Many women who performed nursing functions in almshouses and early hospitals in Great Britain were poorly educated, untrained, and often undependable. The original soldier nurses worked with Florence Nightingale at Scutari. Various groups of “sisters” have been used throughout history to care for the poor. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 2. A nurse is working in a public health nursing setting. Which statement best describes why this specialty is appealing to nurses? a. Interactions with wealthy contributors to secure funding b. Autonomy and independence of practice c. Ability to locate the source of diseases and cure patients d. Opportunities to meet a variety of people ANS: B Community health nurses have a long history of autonomous practice, problem solving, and decision making. Community health care nurses engage in the other activities as well, but overall, they have been best known for autonomy of practice. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 3. What are the newest threats to health in the United States that community health nurses deal with? a. Diphtheria, cholera, and hepatitis b. HIV, influenza, and bioterrorism c. Avian flu, tuberculosis (TB), and radiation d. Polluted water and air ANS: B NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M The newest threats to health that PHNs are involved in are HIV, H1N1 influenza, and bioterrorism. Hepatitis is also a current threat, but diphtheria and cholera are not concerns in the United States. Avian flu may be a threat, but radiation and TB are ongoing. Environmental pollution has been reduced; however, there are pollution issues that do raise concerns. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 4. A nurse is working to reform a program that was based on the Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601. Which of the following programs is the nurse most likely working on? a. Welfare b. Food Stamps c. Medicaid d. Medicare ANS: C The Poor Law guaranteed medical care for poor, blind, and “lame” individuals, making it most similar to Medicaid since this program provides medical insurance to these types of individuals. Welfare provides more than health care. Food stamps do not provide medical care. The Medicare program provides medical care to the elderly population. DIF: Cognitive level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 5. In early colonial North America, a colonist worked in the public health sector. Which activity would have most likely been the focus? a. Establishing schools of nursing b. Developing vaccines to administer to large numbers of people c. Collecting vital statistics and improving sanitation d. Developing public housing and almshouses ANS: C The early colonial public health efforts included the collection of vital statistics, improvements to sanitation systems, and control of communicable disease introduced through seaports. Establishing schools of nursing, developing vaccines, and developing public housing are all events that happened after the colonial period. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 6. A nurse was employed by the Marine Hospital Service. Which of the following tasks would have most likely been the responsibility of the nurse? a. Setting policy on quarantine legislation for immigrants b. Establishing hospital-based programs to care for the sick at home c. Identifying and improving environmental conditions d. Providing health care for merchant seamen ANS: D NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Providing health care to seamen was an early effort by the federal government to improve public health. The purpose of the Marine Hospital Service was to secure its maritime trade and seacoast cities. Marine Hospital Service nurses did not establish policies or hospital programs. They also did not identify and improve environmental conditions as Florence Nightingale did. Their sole purpose was to provide care for this population. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 7. What was Florence Nightingale’s contributions to public health? a. Caring for the sick, poor, and neglected in institutions and at home b. Using a population-based approach that led to improved environmental conditions c. Writing the Elizabethan Poor Law to guarantee medical care for all d. Founding of the district nursing association to provide health care to needy people ANS: B During the Crimean War, Nightingale progressively improved the soldiers’ health by adopting a population-based approach that used simple epidemiological measures and greatly decreased mortality. The focus of her care was on wounded soldiers, not those who were sick, poor, and neglected at homes and institutions. She did not write the Elizabethan Poor Law. William Rathbone founded the district nursing association. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 8. What was Lillian Wald’s major contribution to public health nursing? a. Founding the American Nurses Association b. Developing the New York Training Hospital for Nurses c. Creating the Public Health Service d. Establishing the Henry Street Settlement ANS: D Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement. Isabel Hampton Robb founded the American Nurses Association. Lillian Wald was a graduate of the New York Training Hospital for Nurses. The Public Health Service was established by the federal government. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 9. A nurse is providing public health education based on the teachings of Lillian Wald. Which of the following topics will the nurse most likely discuss? a. Taking and recording blood pressures accurately b. Safe and sanitary baby and child care c. Environmental pollutants and their effects on lung disease d. Time management: balancing factory work and the home ANS: B NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Lillian Wald provided health care that included educating the community on health care matters. The focus of most of her work was on health services and health promotion for families and children. Because of her focus on health promotion for families and children, her primary role would not have been taking and recording blood pressures, discussing environmental pollutants (as her focus was not occupational health), or time management (at the time, very few women were working outside of the home). DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 10. Nurses who provided care to people in their homes were referred to as what type of nurses? a. Private duty b. Visiting c. Public health d. Community health ANS: B The visiting nurse cared for several families in a day and helped make care of the sick poor at home economical, whereas a private duty nurse may live with a family of clients receiving care and was to be available 24 hours a day. PHNs focused on care of populations. Community health nurses would be anyone who worked outside of a hospital setting. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 11. What term was used to identify neighborhood centers that provided health care, education, and social welfare programs? a. Settlement houses b. Nursing care centers c. Nurse-managed clinics d. Public health services (PHSs) ANS: A Settlement houses were neighborhood centers that provided health care, education, and social welfare programs. Nursing centers, nurse-managed clinics, and PHSs are not necessarily in neighborhoods. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 12. A nurse worked in a school setting during the early twentieth century. Which activity would have been the focus of this nurse’s practice? a. Investigating causes of absenteeism b. Teaching school as well as being a nurse c. Promoting nursing as an autonomous practice d. Providing medical treatment to enable children to return to school ANS: A NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Early school nursing focused on investigating causes of absenteeism, not providing medical treatment. That was the responsibility of physicians. Early school nurses did not teach in the schools. Early school nurses did not promote nursing as an autonomous practice. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 13. The document Visiting Nursing in the United States highlighted the fact that: a. nurses were trained by Boards of Education. b. trained nurses adequately covered less densely populated areas. c. visiting nurse services were concentrated in the northeastern United States. d. nurses were curing diseases such as TB and typhoid fever. ANS: C This report emphasized the fact that visiting nurse services were concentrated in the northeast, which underscored the need for rural health. The document did not address how the nurses were educated or the diseases that nurses were curing. This report showed that there was not adequate coverage for nurses in less populated areas. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 14. During the time when the Rural Nursing Service was operating through the American Red Cross, a nurse needed to demonstrate resourcefulness. Which intervention would the nurse most likely have implemented? a. Using hot bricks, salt, or sandbags to substitute for hot water bottles b. Testing well water for pollutants c. Teaching school and developing curricula for rural nursing programs d. Providing post-surgical care ANS: A In providing medical care, rural nurses were resourceful in finding alternatives when they did not have medical products that were available in urban areas. They were not involved in testing well water, providing post-surgical care, or teaching in rural nursing programs. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 15. Local health departments were formed in urban areas in the late 1800s to accomplish what goal? a. Targeting environmental hazards associated with crowded living conditions b. Facilitating interdisciplinary efforts and promoting “practical nursing” c. Providing immunizations and health care services to all citizens d. Offering public health education to nurses who had finished basic training ANS: A NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Local health departments were formed to handle environmental issues in cities, including problems associated with crowded living conditions and dirty streets, and to regulate public baths, slaughterhouses, and pigsties. Because sanitation was such an issue, there was not a focus on interdisciplinary care, provision of immunizations, or public health education for nurses. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 16. A nurse was involved in the original work of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing. Which event best describes the influence this has had on nursing practice today? a. Requiring that public health nurses (PHNs) have a baccalaureate degree in nursing b. Standardizing public health nursing education c. Developing nursing cooperatives d. Opening the Henry Street Settlement ANS: B The National Organization for Public Health Nursing sought to standardize public health nursing. The Henry Street Settlement was already in existence. The baccalaureate degree in nursing was not developed yet. Cooperative agreements were made between life insurance companies and visiting nurses’ associations that expanded availability of public health nursing services. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 17. A nurse is considering joining the American Public Health Association (APHA). What information about this organization should be considered when making this decision? a. APHA focuses on the public health concerns of the medical profession. b. APHA represents concerns of nursing specialty practices. c. APHA provides a forum for nurses to discuss their public health concerns. d. APHA focuses on providing health promotion education to the public. ANS: C APHA was formed to facilitate interprofessional efforts and promote the “practical application of public hygiene.” The Public Health Section within APHA provides nurses with a forum to discuss their concerns and strategies. It also serves as a focus of leadership and policy development for community/public health nursing. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 18. Historically, which statement is true about African American nurses in public health? a. Certificate and graduate education were more difficult to obtain. b. Segregation limited areas where they practiced. c. They often belonged to the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS). d. They were recruited heavily as military nurses. ANS: A NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Due to segregation, certification and graduate education were more difficult to obtain. They were faced with many challenges because of discrimination and had a limited presence in public health nursing practice. They were not part of the FNS or recruited as military nurses. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 19. A nurse working with Mary Breckinridge, would likely have assisted with what activity? a. Establishing the Henry Street Settlement b. Developing health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural populations c. Blazing a nursing trail through the Rockies, providing nursing care to miners and their families d. Teaching birth control measures to large numbers of women in the South ANS: B Mary Breckinridge developed health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural and often inaccessible populations in the Appalachian regions of southern Kentucky. Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 20. A nurse providing care through the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS), would most likely have addressed the needs of which client? a. An injured soldier b. A homebound, elderly male c. A woman in labor d. A child with measles ANS: C The FNS nurses were trained in nursing public health and midwifery and provided care to rural and inaccessible areas, which led to reduced mortality. They would not have seen injured soldiers, males, or a child with measles. DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 21. A major provision of the Social Security Act of 1935 was the establishment of which service? a. Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) to provide nursing service to rural communities b. State and local community health services and training of personnel c. District nursing to provide home health care to sick people d. Community-based settlement houses ANS: B Title VI of the Social Security Act provided funding for expanded opportunities for health protection and promotion through education and employment of PHNs. Nurses completed educational programs in public health and funds were provided to assist states, counties, and medical districts in the establishment and maintenance of adequate health services. NURSINGTB.COM Public Health Nursing 10th Edition Stanhope Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 22. A student is enrolled in a nursing education program during World War II. Which group would the student most likely have joined? a. The Public Health Service of New York City b. The Marine Nurse Corps c. The Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) d. The Cadet Nurse Corps ANS: D The Bolton Act of 1943 established the Cadet Nurse Corps during World War II, which increased enrollment in schools of nursing at undergraduate and graduate levels. In 1925, Mary Breckinridge established the FNS based on systems of care used in the Highlands and islands of Scotland (before World War II). The first Marine Hospital opened in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1800. The Public Health Service of New York City was not a group during this time frame.Chapter 03: Public Health, Primary Care, and Primary Health Stanhope: Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community, 10th Edition. Chapter 04: Perspectives in Global Health Care Stanhope: Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community, 10th Edition. Chapter 05: Economics of Health Care Delivery Stanhope: Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community, 10th Edition