NR 446 COLLABORATIVE HEALTH EDAPT WEEK 1
Collaborative health NR 446 EDAPT WEEK 1
PROFFESIONAL IDENTITY:
As described in the quote to the right, being a leader is different than being a manager. Of
course, most leaders also manage, and most managers also lead, yet the skill sets for each are
unique. This learning activity provides an overview of the concepts of leadership and
management.
Management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success; leadership determines whether the
ladder is leaning against the right wall.
Question:
Managers focus on guiding colleagues to complete tasks that support organizational goals.
Managers have control over directing subordinates and manipulating their resources to achieve
goals and emphasize control and results.
Leaders focus on inspiring others to follow a shared vision but have less delegated authority.
Leaders hold a more informal role within the organization and emphasize interpersonal
relationships.
Both are needed within a successful organization and can be part of the formal hierarchy
(e.g., organizational chart) of business. Leaders, however, may not hold a recognized
leadership position.
Leadership Management
Less delegated authority x
Direct subordinates x
Emphasizes control and results x
Emphasizes interpersonal x
relationships
Manipulate resources to achieve x
goals
May or may not be part of the x
formal hierarchy of the organization
Which skill is a basic requirement for the development of sound critical thinking?
Critical thinking, sometimes referred to as reflective thinking, is related to evaluation and has a
broader scope than decision making and problem solving.
Listening, writing, and reading are critical communication skills used by the nurse.
, NR 446 COLLABORATIVE HEALTH EDAPT WEEK 1
Which process is not used to support decision making by the nurse and nurse leader?
Assuming can prevent the nurse from questioning the facts of a situation, which leads to poor
decisions.
Critical thinking, a cognitive process, and problem solving, a systematic process, both support
decision making by focusing on the thoughts of the person deciding.
Deductive reasoning allows for inferences to be drawn from information during the problem-
solving process. Empathy, along with insight and intuition, are components of critical thinking.
DEFINDING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT:
If a manager guides, directs, motivates, and empowers others, then it could be said that every
manager should be a leader. Similarly, leadership without management results in chaos and
failure for both the organization and the individual executive.
Current leadership theory views leaders as those who guide workers to embrace and work
towards the goals of an organization by setting an example. Managers, on the other hand, are
those who supervise processes and direct workers to meet the goals of the organization.
Yet the reality is that any nurse who has direct reports must be able to both supervise people
and processes and be an example that guides others to support the organization.
Management:
• Supervises processes
• Directs workers
Leadership:
• Sets examples
• Guides workers
WHY HAVE LEADERS AND MANAGERS?
Roles of Managers:
• Are assigned a position by the organization
• Have a legitimate source of power due to delegated authority that accompanies their
position
• Have specific duties and responsibilities they are expected to carry out
• Emphasize control, decision making, decision analysis, and results
• Manipulate people, the environment, money, time, and other resources to achieve the
goals of the organization
• Have a greater formal responsibility and accountability for rationality and control than
leaders
• Direct willing and unwilling subordinates
Roles of Leaders:
• Often do not have delegated authority but obtain power through other means, such as
influence
• Have a wider variety of roles than managers
, NR 446 COLLABORATIVE HEALTH EDAPT WEEK 1
• Focus on group process, information gathering, feedback, and empowering others
• May or may not be part of the formal hierarchy of the organization
• Emphasize interpersonal relationships
• Direct willing followers
• Have goals that may or may not reflect those of the organization
Types of leaders:
In many successful organizations, leaders can be found in designated leadership positions or
working in subordinate positions. No matter their position in the organization, leaders inspire
trust and motivate others to actively support their vision.
Select each type of leader to learn more.
Formal leaders hold positions of authority within the organization and are expected to
influence, empower, and manage others (Ross, 2014).
Examples of formal leaders include the Chief Academic Officer of a college of nursing, a unit
nurse manager, and a shift nursing supervisor.
Informal leaders are those who have influence over their peers, despite not being in an
organizationally recognized position of authority (Lawson et al., 2018).
Examples of informal leaders include a staff nurse whose peers seek their input on returning to
school, or a licensed practical nurse who encourages a colleague to join a unit’s shared
governance committee.
A nurse is appointed to a charge nurse position in a local hospital. Which term best
describes this new role?
Formal leaders hold positions of authority within the organization in which they are expected to
influence, empower, and manage others (Ross, 2014). This is usually accomplished by
appointment (or assigned) by those holding higher positions within the organization.
Informal leaders are those who have influence over their peers, despite not being in an
organizationally recognized position of authority (Lawson et al., 2018).
Manager and colleague are terms that describe positions within an organization.
KEY COGNITIVE SKILLS FOR LEADERS:
Three related skills required by a successful nurse are the ability to make decisions, solve
problems, and think critically (Marquis & Huston, 2020; Social Science, 2020). Often used
interchangeably, these skills are closely related yet unique. Together, critical thinking, problem-
solving, and decision-making form the basis for clinical reasoning. Select each tab for details on
these key skills.
Critical thinking - Used for both decision-making and problem-solving, critical thinking is the
way a person takes control of thinking using an intellectual process. This structured thinking
raises vital questions used to gather relevant information with an open mind (The Foundation for
Critical Thinking, n.d.). The person who thinks critically uses the information gathered alone, or
with others, to reach solutions to complex problems.
The advantage of using critical thinking in nursing, whether as a staff nurse or nurse leader, is
that it helps the nurse understand the current situation or need, consider what it means to the
client or staff, examine the available evidence and current reasoning, and reach a judgement.
, NR 446 COLLABORATIVE HEALTH EDAPT WEEK 1
Problem – Solving - Seeking to eliminate a problem or issue, problem-solving is a systematic
process used to complete a full analysis of all known data. The goal is to discover the root
cause of an issue and ends when a decision is made on how to proceed.
Critical thinking supports problem-solving when nurses ask questions and keep open minds to
gather all relevant data.
Decision-making is a cognitive process influenced by a person’s value system, used to select
a course of action to eliminate a problem. Although decision-making is the final step in the
problem-solving process, it is possible to make decisions without understanding the root cause,
including during an emergency situation for which a protocol is used.
For example, when the nurse finds an unresponsive client, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
is started with an assessment of the airway. In this instance, following a CPR algorithm (list
of all tasks to follow) replaces decision-making in order to save a life. By following an algorithm,
decision-making by the individual nurse has been removed. Evidence-based research has
already determined the best course of action. This is crucially important when life-saving
measures are needed.
Critical thinking is used in decision-making to determine the root cause of an issue when an
immediate decision is not required, or a protocol is in place.
CRITICAL ELEMENTS IN DECISION MAKING:
The nurse leader uses the same process for decision-making as the staff nurse, but with a
different focus. Where the staff nurse’s decisions concern client care, the nurse manager
attends to the details that allow a nursing unit to run smoothly. For both nurse leaders and staff
nurses, the use of a structured decision-making process ultimately guides the nurse’s attention
to the process, organizes thoughts, and helps offset human error through the structured critical
thinking process.
Go through the interactive to the right for more information on what structured decision making
requires of a leader.
Define Objectives Clearly
• If a decision lacks a clear objective or if an objective is not consistent with the
individual’s or organization’s stated philosophy, a poor-quality decision is likely to be
made.
Gather Data Carefully
• Sources of data available for a nurse leader include clients, staff, reports on unit
activity, and information shared by their peers.
• Facts can be misleading if they are presented in a suggestive manner, taken out of
context, or are past-oriented.
• Pre-conceived ideas or personal values could alter how data is interpreted, which may
lead to bias in decision making.
Collaborative health NR 446 EDAPT WEEK 1
PROFFESIONAL IDENTITY:
As described in the quote to the right, being a leader is different than being a manager. Of
course, most leaders also manage, and most managers also lead, yet the skill sets for each are
unique. This learning activity provides an overview of the concepts of leadership and
management.
Management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success; leadership determines whether the
ladder is leaning against the right wall.
Question:
Managers focus on guiding colleagues to complete tasks that support organizational goals.
Managers have control over directing subordinates and manipulating their resources to achieve
goals and emphasize control and results.
Leaders focus on inspiring others to follow a shared vision but have less delegated authority.
Leaders hold a more informal role within the organization and emphasize interpersonal
relationships.
Both are needed within a successful organization and can be part of the formal hierarchy
(e.g., organizational chart) of business. Leaders, however, may not hold a recognized
leadership position.
Leadership Management
Less delegated authority x
Direct subordinates x
Emphasizes control and results x
Emphasizes interpersonal x
relationships
Manipulate resources to achieve x
goals
May or may not be part of the x
formal hierarchy of the organization
Which skill is a basic requirement for the development of sound critical thinking?
Critical thinking, sometimes referred to as reflective thinking, is related to evaluation and has a
broader scope than decision making and problem solving.
Listening, writing, and reading are critical communication skills used by the nurse.
, NR 446 COLLABORATIVE HEALTH EDAPT WEEK 1
Which process is not used to support decision making by the nurse and nurse leader?
Assuming can prevent the nurse from questioning the facts of a situation, which leads to poor
decisions.
Critical thinking, a cognitive process, and problem solving, a systematic process, both support
decision making by focusing on the thoughts of the person deciding.
Deductive reasoning allows for inferences to be drawn from information during the problem-
solving process. Empathy, along with insight and intuition, are components of critical thinking.
DEFINDING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT:
If a manager guides, directs, motivates, and empowers others, then it could be said that every
manager should be a leader. Similarly, leadership without management results in chaos and
failure for both the organization and the individual executive.
Current leadership theory views leaders as those who guide workers to embrace and work
towards the goals of an organization by setting an example. Managers, on the other hand, are
those who supervise processes and direct workers to meet the goals of the organization.
Yet the reality is that any nurse who has direct reports must be able to both supervise people
and processes and be an example that guides others to support the organization.
Management:
• Supervises processes
• Directs workers
Leadership:
• Sets examples
• Guides workers
WHY HAVE LEADERS AND MANAGERS?
Roles of Managers:
• Are assigned a position by the organization
• Have a legitimate source of power due to delegated authority that accompanies their
position
• Have specific duties and responsibilities they are expected to carry out
• Emphasize control, decision making, decision analysis, and results
• Manipulate people, the environment, money, time, and other resources to achieve the
goals of the organization
• Have a greater formal responsibility and accountability for rationality and control than
leaders
• Direct willing and unwilling subordinates
Roles of Leaders:
• Often do not have delegated authority but obtain power through other means, such as
influence
• Have a wider variety of roles than managers
, NR 446 COLLABORATIVE HEALTH EDAPT WEEK 1
• Focus on group process, information gathering, feedback, and empowering others
• May or may not be part of the formal hierarchy of the organization
• Emphasize interpersonal relationships
• Direct willing followers
• Have goals that may or may not reflect those of the organization
Types of leaders:
In many successful organizations, leaders can be found in designated leadership positions or
working in subordinate positions. No matter their position in the organization, leaders inspire
trust and motivate others to actively support their vision.
Select each type of leader to learn more.
Formal leaders hold positions of authority within the organization and are expected to
influence, empower, and manage others (Ross, 2014).
Examples of formal leaders include the Chief Academic Officer of a college of nursing, a unit
nurse manager, and a shift nursing supervisor.
Informal leaders are those who have influence over their peers, despite not being in an
organizationally recognized position of authority (Lawson et al., 2018).
Examples of informal leaders include a staff nurse whose peers seek their input on returning to
school, or a licensed practical nurse who encourages a colleague to join a unit’s shared
governance committee.
A nurse is appointed to a charge nurse position in a local hospital. Which term best
describes this new role?
Formal leaders hold positions of authority within the organization in which they are expected to
influence, empower, and manage others (Ross, 2014). This is usually accomplished by
appointment (or assigned) by those holding higher positions within the organization.
Informal leaders are those who have influence over their peers, despite not being in an
organizationally recognized position of authority (Lawson et al., 2018).
Manager and colleague are terms that describe positions within an organization.
KEY COGNITIVE SKILLS FOR LEADERS:
Three related skills required by a successful nurse are the ability to make decisions, solve
problems, and think critically (Marquis & Huston, 2020; Social Science, 2020). Often used
interchangeably, these skills are closely related yet unique. Together, critical thinking, problem-
solving, and decision-making form the basis for clinical reasoning. Select each tab for details on
these key skills.
Critical thinking - Used for both decision-making and problem-solving, critical thinking is the
way a person takes control of thinking using an intellectual process. This structured thinking
raises vital questions used to gather relevant information with an open mind (The Foundation for
Critical Thinking, n.d.). The person who thinks critically uses the information gathered alone, or
with others, to reach solutions to complex problems.
The advantage of using critical thinking in nursing, whether as a staff nurse or nurse leader, is
that it helps the nurse understand the current situation or need, consider what it means to the
client or staff, examine the available evidence and current reasoning, and reach a judgement.
, NR 446 COLLABORATIVE HEALTH EDAPT WEEK 1
Problem – Solving - Seeking to eliminate a problem or issue, problem-solving is a systematic
process used to complete a full analysis of all known data. The goal is to discover the root
cause of an issue and ends when a decision is made on how to proceed.
Critical thinking supports problem-solving when nurses ask questions and keep open minds to
gather all relevant data.
Decision-making is a cognitive process influenced by a person’s value system, used to select
a course of action to eliminate a problem. Although decision-making is the final step in the
problem-solving process, it is possible to make decisions without understanding the root cause,
including during an emergency situation for which a protocol is used.
For example, when the nurse finds an unresponsive client, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
is started with an assessment of the airway. In this instance, following a CPR algorithm (list
of all tasks to follow) replaces decision-making in order to save a life. By following an algorithm,
decision-making by the individual nurse has been removed. Evidence-based research has
already determined the best course of action. This is crucially important when life-saving
measures are needed.
Critical thinking is used in decision-making to determine the root cause of an issue when an
immediate decision is not required, or a protocol is in place.
CRITICAL ELEMENTS IN DECISION MAKING:
The nurse leader uses the same process for decision-making as the staff nurse, but with a
different focus. Where the staff nurse’s decisions concern client care, the nurse manager
attends to the details that allow a nursing unit to run smoothly. For both nurse leaders and staff
nurses, the use of a structured decision-making process ultimately guides the nurse’s attention
to the process, organizes thoughts, and helps offset human error through the structured critical
thinking process.
Go through the interactive to the right for more information on what structured decision making
requires of a leader.
Define Objectives Clearly
• If a decision lacks a clear objective or if an objective is not consistent with the
individual’s or organization’s stated philosophy, a poor-quality decision is likely to be
made.
Gather Data Carefully
• Sources of data available for a nurse leader include clients, staff, reports on unit
activity, and information shared by their peers.
• Facts can be misleading if they are presented in a suggestive manner, taken out of
context, or are past-oriented.
• Pre-conceived ideas or personal values could alter how data is interpreted, which may
lead to bias in decision making.
