Business Intelligence - Exam 2 with complete solutions

Architectural Framework and its importance in BI - Answer- An architectural framework is a set of blueprints needed for each new BI project in order for these projects to complement each other and create a cohesive solution. The four architectural layers: 1.) Information architecture 2.) Data architecture 3.) Technical architecture 4.) Product architecture Importance of Metadata. What types are there? - Answer- Data about data ---Technical Metadata--- Description of data as processed by software tools. Columns, tables, indexes, etc. Metadata used to enable the software (not the people) to understand the data ---Business Metadata--- Description of information from business perspective. Made for people to understand, not machines. Data Integration Framework (DIF) and its stages - Answer- Transforms data into information Data workflows and ETL (Ch. 6, 11, 12) - Answer- Data integration workflow: Systems of Record > Data warhousing > Business intelligence Hub and Spoke Systems of Record (SOR) > Systems of Integration (SOI) > Systems of Analytics (SOA) > Business Intelligence ETL: Extract, Transform, Load. Purpose of staging - Answer- used to load data from the sources, modify & cleansing them before you final load them into the DWH Manual vs. tool-based data integration - Answer- Data integration is most time and resource consuming portion of building BI environment. Tool based data integration has become best practice for large budgets, while hand coding is used by everyone else Data ingestion and change data capture (CDC) - Answer- After data is gathered, targets are updated with that data. CDC determines what source data has been changed. Source table and Target table get aligned. Slowly Changing Dimensions (SCD) does the updating. SCD Types - Answer- 0 - Keep original 1 - Overwrite 2 - Create new row 3 - Track using separate columns 4 - Add minidimension 5 - 4 and 1 6 - 1, 2, and 3 7 - use 1 and 2 Audit services and auditing and what does it track - Answer- Purpose of audit services is to track the processing actions for all tables and columns in the BI data architecture Tracks: -Data integration Jobs -Table and row updates -Data quality metrics BI Personas - Answer- Customer seperation. Business personas are: Casual consumers Analysts Power users Data scientists BI application design best practices (Ch. 13) - Answer- Focus on the purpose. Consistency beats elegance Keep it simply Location, location, location Use colors judiciously Matching BI analyses to helpful visualizations (Ch. 13) - Answer- Choose best type of chart to optimize visualization. Most common types of analysis performed include: -Comparitive -Time series or trending