AKI and Chronic Kidney Disease NCLEX questions with correct answers

What are intrarenal causes of AKI (select all that apply)? a. anaphylaxis b. renal stones c. bladder cancer d. nephrotoxic drugs e. acute glomerulonephritis f. tubular obstruction by myoglobin - Answer d, e, f. Intrarenal causes of AKI includes conditions that cause direct damage to the kidney tissue, including nephrotoxic drugs, acute glomerulonephritis, and tubular obstruction by myoglobin, or prolonged ischemia. An 83 year old female patient was found lying on the bathroom floor. She said she fell 2 days ago and has not been able to take her heart medicine or eat or drink anything since then. What conditions could be causing prerenal AKI in the patient(select all that apply)? a. anaphlyaxis b. renal calculi c. hypovolemia d. nephrotoxic drugs e. decreased cardiac output - Answer c,e. Because the patient has had nothing to eat or drink for 2 days, she is probably dehydrated and hypovolemic. Decreased cardiac output is most likely because she is older and takes heart medicine, wich is probably for heart failure or HTN. Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is the most common cause of intrarenal AKI. Which patient is most likely to develop ATN?