FMF End of Section Test Questions with All Complete Solutions

FMF End of Section Test Questions with All Complete Solutions Common Sayings - ANSWER First to Fight- forefront of every war, 300+ landings on foreign shores. Leatherneck- saber protection Deil Dog - 1918 belleau wood Espirit de Corps - devotion/loyalty to corps, epitiome of pride in unit..."uncommon valor was a common virtue" Nimitz on Iwo Jima. Semper Fidelis - Always faithful 1883 Significant Historical Events 1700s - ANSWER 1775 10 NOV - Tun Tavern 1776 - Providence Island 1798 - Congress est USMC as separate service Significant Historical Events 1800s - ANSWER 1805 - Tripoli - stormed Barbary Stronghold Derna...raised flag first time in Eastern Hemishpere 1847 - Halls Montezuma - Battle Chapultepec in Mex War 1859 - Harper's Ferry. Lee stormed John Brown rebellion 1861 - limited action in civil war - aging and undermanned 1868 - EGA adopted by Comm Zeilian from British 1898 - Spanish War - ops Pac and Cuba - est. bases. Significant Historical Events 1900s - ANSWER 1900 - Boxer Rebellion - defended American Legation in Peking China. 1901 to 1934 - Banana Wars to guard interests 1913 - Aviation est. Major Alfred Cunningham 1917 - WW1, 8 operations, 5th/6th Marines French Fourragere. 1933 - Reorganized to FMF, Quantico Est, new relationship w USN 1941 - WWII, island hoping campaign, 500k during war 1950 - Korean War, tested readiness, new role in Nuclear age. Quick assembly of 1st Brigade vs Pusan Perimeter, Chozin/Inchon 1958 - Reorganized go anywhere and sustain, landed Beirut to stabl 1965 - Vietnam, offensive ops, pacification, Dominican rep coup 1982 - Lebanon peacekeeping, 23OCT83 truck bomb 241 KIA 1983 - Grenada, Urgen Fury, secured overthrow attempt 1989 - Panama, just cause, overthrow Noriega, est. civ gov 1990 - Kuwait, Desert Shield, stop Iraq advance, shows MGTF 1991 - Kuwait, Desert Storm, ACE heavily used, then GCE swept in Significant Marines - ANSWER Presley O'Bannon - Barbary Stronghold DernaBarbary/Tripoli - raised flag first time old world, Mameluke Sward given to him 1805 Archibald Henderson - Comm 1820-59, Grand Old Man, Higher standards/training, Indian War, Mexico War, China Opening John Quick - Cuzco Well, G-Bay, MOH, seize advanced base-role def Daniel Daly - Boxer Rebellion, Caco War Haiti, 2 MOH, WWI - Beleau Wood "Come on SOB, do you want to live forever?" Smedley Butler, MGen, Veracruz, Caco War Haiti, 2 MOH John Lejeune - MGen, 13th Comm 1920-29, comm. USA in WWI Lewis Chesty Puller - LGen, Nicaragua, "Tiger of the Mountain" 1930, 32 Marine units in jungle ops Joseph Foss - CAPT, Guadalcanal MOH, 26Ks, 2nd ranked ACE Ira Hayes - Iwo Jima Mt Suribachi, Prima Indian Otha Mae Johnson - WWI, first enlisted fml 1918, skirt Marines Annie Grimes CWO, 3rd black fml Marine, 1st black fml to retire Margaret Brewer - BGen, 1st fml Gen 1978, CO of Woman Marines Molly Marine - Statue died. 1943, New Orleans to all fml Marines Significant Battles - ANSWER Bladensburg - 1814 AUG, 103M/400S unsuccessfully blocked 4K British troops from burning Washington DC from Bladensburg RD. New Orleans- 1815 JAN, A. Jackson led M defeat British 100FKIA Belleau Wood- 1918 M crushed Germ Offensive threaten Paris, Germ classified them storm troopers (highest level) Wake Island- 1941 DEC defense of island invasion, outnumbered yet inflicted heavy damage, fell on 23 DEC Guadalcanal- 1942 AUG 1MARDIV Solomon islands, 1st US land offensive in WWII, 1st test of amphib ops, turning point= added base operations, ops continued through solomons Tarawa- 1943 NOV Jp CO "1M Americans 100yrs" took 76 hours, landing craft couldn't cross reef 100m to shore Mariana Islands- 1943 JUN Saipan, Guam, Tinian, LGen Smith CO 136K M (most at time), for air and Navy bases Iwo Jima- 1945 FEB largest all-Marine battle ever, 23+K casualties, air base for Jp homeland, Nimitz quote, "A flag raised on Suribachi means USMC for 500 yrs" - Adm Forestall Okinawa- 1945 APR last large action of WWII, MGen Geiger assumed CO of 10th Army, only USMC to CO field army Chosin Reservoir- 1950 NOV into N Korea, faced 10-division force, M smashed 7 divisions as marched, retrograde kept equip/people, "Retreat Hell, advancing in another direction" Quote Khe Sanh- 1968 JAN M defend firebase vs 2 NVA divisions 2.5 mo Hue City- 1968 JAN Tet offensive NVA division occupied city, M fought house to house w/ no heavy arms for civ, retook FEB Significant Path Breakers - ANSWER Montford Point Marines- , 20K Black men trained in JAX, Segregated to support roles, fought valiantly: Saipan, Iwo, Oki Navajo Code Talkers- 1942, Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Peleliu, Iwo, every assault 1942-45, all unit types, code never broken, unwritten, Philip Johnston missionary kid's idea 1 of 30 non- navajo who spoke, code-decode-uncode in 20 sec / Machines then took 30 min, first 29 MAY42 created code, all memorized, radiomen only, At Iwo "were it not for them M never taken Iwo", by 1945, 540 served as M (420 code talkers) Women Marines- 1918 start w/ clerical, 300 that year, 1943- usmc women reserve, 1948- woman's armed services integration act, reservists called to support Korea, by vietnam 2700 serving, 1975 usmc approved for all jobs but combat, 1K to Desert storm/shield, by 2012 7.11% fml