Role Development in Professional Nursing 2023 Update

Role Development in Professional Nursing 2023 Update VALUES CLARIFICATION - ANS-can occur individually or in groups and helps us to understand who we are and what is important to us. Its positive and the outcome is growth. It helps people to discern their individual values and leads to self-actualization. It helps us to maintain non-judgmental attitude about the values of others is very vital to nurse-patient relationship. What is the main purpose of value clarification? - ANS-the main purpose of value clarification is understanding self (what is important and meaningful to us). Health - ANS-is dynamic and every changing, not a stagnant state Beliefs - ANS-is what we value What are the three categories of beliefs? - ANS-Existential - shown to be true or false Evaluative - Beliefs that makes judgment Prescriptive/Proscriptive beliefs what people schould or schould not do. Existential beliefs - ANS-shown to be true or false Evaluative beliefs - ANS-Beliefs that makes judgment Prescriptive beliefs - ANS-what people schould do Proscriptive beliefs - ANS-what people should not do Paradigm - ANS-the lens through which you see the world Realism - ANS-the world is static, seeing is believing, the social world is a given, reality is physical and independent, logical thinking is superior Idealism - ANS-the world is evolving, there is more that meets the eye, the social world is created, reality is conception perceived in the mind, thinking is dynamic and constructive Values - ANS-the principles and ideals that give meaning and direction to our social, personal, and professional lives. Nursing values have been identified: - ANS-as the fundamentals that guide our standards, influence practice decisions, and provide the framework used for evaluation. The process of nursing involves three steps - ANS-choosing values prizing values acting on values intrinsic value - ANS-is required for living (food water) extrinsic value - ANS-not required for living and is originated external to the person. value acquisition - ANS-when a new value is assumed value abandoment - ANS-when a value is relinquished value redistribution occurs - ANS-when society changes views about a particular value. contextualism - ANS-understanding is embedded in context; meaning is subjective and ope to change and dependent on the moment in time and the persons perspective. formism - ANS-understanding events in relationship to their similarity to and ideal or objective standard comes categorization (classification of plants and animals in biology. mechanism - ANS-understanding is in terms of cause-and-effect relationships, the common approach used by modern medicine organicism - ANS-understanding comes from patterns and relationships; must understand the whole to understand the parts(cannot look at a child's language development without looking at his or her overall development history. What are Dowds and Marcel explanations of an event - ANS-contextual ism, mechanism, organicism, formism values clarification - ANS-can occur in a group or individually and helps us understand who we are and what is most important to us. values clarification is done : - ANS-for the purpose of understanding self to discover what is important and meaningful. What is nursing philosophy? - ANS-is a statement of foundational and universal assumptions, beliefs and principles bout the nature of knowledge and truth (epistemology) Ethics - ANS-the study of ideal human behavioral and ideal ways of being. Bioethics - ANS-is a specific domain of ethics focused on the moral issue in the field of health care - Evolved from life-and-death moral dilemmas - The aim of bioethicists today is to continue to search for answers about life, death, and significant human being to help guide and control public policy. Nursing Ethics - ANS-the study of ideal human behavior and ideal ways of being - Usually begins with cases or problems in practice - Viewed as a separate field because of unique ethical problems in the relationship between nurses and patient moral reasoning - ANS-in general, reasoning involves using abstract thought process to solve problems and to formulate plans. moral reasoning pertains to making decisions about how humans ought to be and act * Pertains to making decisions about how humans should act * Aristotle called moral reasoning "the intellectual virtue of wisdom". This is focused on the good that can be achieved by being wise. * We (as nurses) do not have our own independent moral reasoning. This means we cannot just decide ourselves that pt. John Doe is suffering and just take him off life support. Virtue Ethics - ANS-virtue ethics pertains to questions of "what sort of person must I be to achieve my life's purpose" and "What makes one a good or excellent person" rather than"what is right or good to do based on my duty or to achieve good consequences. deontology - ANS-refers to the actions that are duty based, not based on their rewards, happiness or consequences. He also defined rational human being with freedom, moral worth, and ideally having a good will, which means a person should act from a sense of duty. - There are two types of duties: o Hypothetical imperatives are duties or rules people ought to serve if certain ends are achieved. They are 'if-then" statements. o categorical imperatives, one can never tell a lie for no reason - Example: o. Reporting a mistake in a timely manner. o Following through on the patient's wishes even if you do not agree. What are the two types of duties that Immanuel Kant distinguished? - ANS-hypothetical imperatives categorical imperatives hypothetical imperatives - ANS-are duties or rules people ought to observe if certain ends are to be achieved. Sometimes called"if=then" imperatives which are conditional. example If I want to pass this nursing course, than I should be diligent in my studies. Continues...