USMLE Step 1 Rapid Review Question and Answer

Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly, (also high D dimer, CHF without JVD) - Budd-Chiari syndrome Achilles tendon xanthoma - Familial hypercholesterolemia Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC - Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia) Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints - Marfan's (fibrillin defect) Athlete with polycythemia - Erythropoietin injection Back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss - Pott's (TB to the vertebrae) Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis - Sarcoid Blue sclera - Osteogenesis imperfecta Bluish line on gingiva - Burton's line - lead poisoning Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis, (also increased hat size, fracture, increased alk phos) - Paget's Bounding pulses, diastolic hear murmur, head bobbing - Aortic regurg Café-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules - NF (1 = optic glimoas and pheo, 2 = acoustic Schwannomas) Café-au-lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty - McCune-Albright syndome (G protein problem) Calf pseudohypertrophy - Duchenne's muscular dystrophy Cherry-red spot on macula - Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick, central retinal artery occlusion Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI - Dressler's (autoimmune post-MI) Child uses arms to stand up from squat - Gower's sign (Duchenne's) Child with fever develops red rash on face that spreads to body - Slapped cheek - B19 Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration - Huntington's Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps - McArdle's (muscle phosphorylase deficiency) Cold intolerance - Hypothyroidism Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia - Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (MS or stroke) Continuous machinery heart murmur - PDA Cutaneous/dermal edema due to CT expansion - Myxedema Dark purple skin / mouth nodules - Kaposi's sarcoma Deep, labored breathing / hyperventilation - Kussmaul breathing, DKA Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea - Pellagra (B3 / niacin deficiency)