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STUDY GUIDE FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASE Antibiotics ● Know the gram positive bacteria (strep, staph, and enterococcus); the rest are gram negative other than atypicals ● Review the different classes of antibiotics and what they treat. ● Penicillin: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Penicillin G, and Penicillin VK o Strep Group A, B, C, G, Enterococcus, Strep pneumoniae, Drug Resistant Strep pneumoniae (DRSP), Botulism (wound, not food) o Augmentin (Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid)  Works on gram positives and gram negatives but not MRSA ● Sulfonamides: TMP-SMX (Bactrim, Septra) ○ Gram negatives  MSSA, MRSA, CA-MRSA  Will not work on strep or E. coli ● Tetracyclines: Doxycycline, Minocycline, Vibramycin ○ Works for gram negatives, atypical, and MRSA: H flu, E. coli, Legionella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydophila, Rickettsia o Minocycline- MSSA, CA-MRSA o Doxy/Mino- atypical pathogens and lower resp tract pathogens ● Cephalosporins ○ 1st generation (Cephalexin, Cefadroxil)  Staph: MSSA; Strep o 2nd generation (Cefuroxime, Cefaclor, Cefprozil)  Staph: MSSA, Strep, H. flu, E. coli, and Proteus mirabilis o 3rd generation (Ceftriaxone, Cefdinir, Cefpodoxime, Cefditoren)  Gram positives, gram negatives, and β-lactamase producers:  Strep, staph (MSSA), H. flu, M. cat, E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus mirabilis ● Macrolides ○ Erythromycin  Listeria, M. cat, Legionella, Chlamydophila, Mycoplasma, NOT staph, strep, enterococcus ○ Azithromycin ○ Clarithromycin  Staph (MSSA), Listeria, M. cat, Legionella, Chlamydophila, Mycoplasma, NOT strep or enterococcus ● Fluoroquinolones ○ 2nd Generation (Ciprofloxacin)  Staph (MSSA), M. cat, H flu, E. coli, Legionella, Chlamydophila, Mycoplasma, Klebsiella, Other gram negatives, NOT strep or enterococcus ○ 3rd Generation (Levofloxacin)  Gram positives, Gram negatives, Atypical pathogens, DRSP, Aerobes, Anaerobes, Staph (MSSA), Listeria, strep (all), M. cat, H. flu, E. coli, Legionella, Chlamydophila, Mycoplasma, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas (+) ○ 4th Generation (Moxifloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Gatifloxacin)  Gram positives, gram negatives (above the belt), atypical pathogens, DRSP, Staph (MSSA), Listeria, strep (all), M. cat, H. flu, E. coli, Legionella, Chlamydophila, Mycoplasma, Klebsiella, NOT Urinary Pathogens ● Misc- Macrobid