Peds/OB HESI practice questions &
answers 100% CORRECT
A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to
administer for treatment of this disorder? - ANSWER-Nystatin (antifungal)
Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration with the healthcare
provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipate? - ANSWER-A trial of human
chorionic gonadotrophic hormone.
[A trial of HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone) may aid in testicular descent, but does not
replace surgical repair for true undescended testes. Undescended testes (cryptorchidism) may be found
in the inguinal canal due to exaggerated cremasteric reflex.]
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis about respiratory treatments.
Which statement indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
a. Perform postural drainage before starting the aerosol therapy.
b. Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
c. Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
d. Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory infection. - ANSWER-C. Administer
aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
[Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when performed after nebulization and
one hour before meals and/or at least 2 hours after eating to prevent nausea and vomiting and potential
aspiration. Postural drainage uses gravity to promote mucous removal after the nebulization treatments
has liquefied the secretions, therefore helps open the airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory
treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily.]
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer bismuth subsalicylate
(Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check
,the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse
include when replying to this mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
d. Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache." - ANSWER-b. Do not
give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
[Pepto Bismol, Bismylate contains subsalicylate and if used in the presence of a viral illness, there is the
potential of developing Reye's syndrome, a sometimes fatal condition for children.]
The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old child who has a medical diagnosis of Tetrology of Fallot. Which
symptom is this client most likely to exhibit?
a. Bradycardia
b. Machinery murmur
c. Weak pedal pulses
d. Clubbed fingers - ANSWER-d. Clubbed fingers
[Tetrology of Fallot, a cyanotic heart defect, causes clubbing of fingers and toes (D) due to tissue hypoxia.
Tachycardia, not (A), is a manifestation of congenital heart disease. (B) is a classic sign of ventricular
septal defect. (C) is characteristic of coarctation of the aorta.]
During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic
membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should the nurse take
next?
a. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged child.
b. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
, c. Send a note home advising the parents to have the child evaluated by a healthcare provider as soon as
possible.
d. Call the parents and have them take the child home from school for the rest of the day. - ANSWER-b.
Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris. What is the most
important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's teaching plan?
a. "Use sunscreen when lying by the pool."
b. "Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day."
c. "Take the medication with a glass of milk."
d. "Menstrual periods may become irregular." - ANSWER-a. "Use sunscreen when lying by the pool."
[Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. Severe sunburn can
occur with minimal sun exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to use
sunscreen.]
At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse that a female adolescent
client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading
was 170/88. The client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit last night.
What action should the nurse take first?
a. Give the client her 9 a.m. prescription for an oral diuretic early.
b. Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
c. Notify the healthcare provider and inform the nursing supervisor of the client's condition.
d. Attempt to calm the client and retake the blood pressure in thirty minutes. - ANSWER-b. Administer
PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
[After the nurse has verified the client's elevated blood pressure, the sublingual Procardia should be
administered first because it lowers the blood pressure very quickly, before implementing any of the
other interventions.]
answers 100% CORRECT
A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to
administer for treatment of this disorder? - ANSWER-Nystatin (antifungal)
Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration with the healthcare
provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipate? - ANSWER-A trial of human
chorionic gonadotrophic hormone.
[A trial of HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone) may aid in testicular descent, but does not
replace surgical repair for true undescended testes. Undescended testes (cryptorchidism) may be found
in the inguinal canal due to exaggerated cremasteric reflex.]
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis about respiratory treatments.
Which statement indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
a. Perform postural drainage before starting the aerosol therapy.
b. Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
c. Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
d. Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory infection. - ANSWER-C. Administer
aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
[Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when performed after nebulization and
one hour before meals and/or at least 2 hours after eating to prevent nausea and vomiting and potential
aspiration. Postural drainage uses gravity to promote mucous removal after the nebulization treatments
has liquefied the secretions, therefore helps open the airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory
treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily.]
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer bismuth subsalicylate
(Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check
,the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse
include when replying to this mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
d. Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache." - ANSWER-b. Do not
give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
[Pepto Bismol, Bismylate contains subsalicylate and if used in the presence of a viral illness, there is the
potential of developing Reye's syndrome, a sometimes fatal condition for children.]
The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old child who has a medical diagnosis of Tetrology of Fallot. Which
symptom is this client most likely to exhibit?
a. Bradycardia
b. Machinery murmur
c. Weak pedal pulses
d. Clubbed fingers - ANSWER-d. Clubbed fingers
[Tetrology of Fallot, a cyanotic heart defect, causes clubbing of fingers and toes (D) due to tissue hypoxia.
Tachycardia, not (A), is a manifestation of congenital heart disease. (B) is a classic sign of ventricular
septal defect. (C) is characteristic of coarctation of the aorta.]
During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic
membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should the nurse take
next?
a. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged child.
b. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
, c. Send a note home advising the parents to have the child evaluated by a healthcare provider as soon as
possible.
d. Call the parents and have them take the child home from school for the rest of the day. - ANSWER-b.
Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris. What is the most
important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's teaching plan?
a. "Use sunscreen when lying by the pool."
b. "Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day."
c. "Take the medication with a glass of milk."
d. "Menstrual periods may become irregular." - ANSWER-a. "Use sunscreen when lying by the pool."
[Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. Severe sunburn can
occur with minimal sun exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to use
sunscreen.]
At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse that a female adolescent
client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading
was 170/88. The client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit last night.
What action should the nurse take first?
a. Give the client her 9 a.m. prescription for an oral diuretic early.
b. Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
c. Notify the healthcare provider and inform the nursing supervisor of the client's condition.
d. Attempt to calm the client and retake the blood pressure in thirty minutes. - ANSWER-b. Administer
PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
[After the nurse has verified the client's elevated blood pressure, the sublingual Procardia should be
administered first because it lowers the blood pressure very quickly, before implementing any of the
other interventions.]
