Kumar: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9th Edition Chapter 02: Cellular Responses to Stress and Toxic Insults: Adaptation, Injury, and Death Test Bank

Kumar: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9th Edition Chapter 02: Cellular Responses to Stress and Toxic Insults: Adaptation, Injury, and Death Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A 60-year-old man who had generalized atherosclerosis died 24 hours after having a stroke. A cerebral infarct was found at autopsy. Necrosis of the brain is classified as a. coagulative necrosis b. liquefactive necrosis c. fat necrosis d. fibrinoid necrosis e. caseous necrosis ANS: B, Brain infarcts are characterized by liquefactive necrosis. 2. A 30-year-old woman who had leukemia was treated with bone marrow transplantation. She developed a skin rash that was interpreted as a sign of a graft-versus- host reaction. A skin biopsy was performed. In the epidermis, there were scattered dead epidermal cells that had rounded contours and pyknotic nuclei. This form of cell death is caused by a. activation of caspases through receptor transmitted signals on the cell surface b. inhibition of ATPase c. inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation d. activation of lysosomal enzymes e. depletion of glycogen ANS: A, Graft-versus-host–induced cell death in the epidermis is a form of apoptosis. It is mediated by caspases and other enzymes of the suicide pathway of "programmed cell death." 3. Uptake of bacteria into the cytoplasm of neutrophilic leukocytes is called a. autophagocytosis b. heterophagocytosis c. exocytosis d. pinocytosis e. involution ANS: B, Uptake of bacteria and other exogenous particulate material into the phagosomes is called phagocytosis.