AP Biology Unit 2 Test Question with complete solution 2023

AP Biology Unit 2 Test Question with complete solution 20232 organelles that contain their own DNA separate from the chromosome Mitochondria and chloroplast What domains fall under prokaryotic cells? Bacteria and archaea What are the basic features of all cells? Membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, ribosomes This organelle synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, detoxifies poison, and stores calcium Smooth ER This cell is characterized by having DNA in a nucleus that is bound by a nuclear envelope and membrane bound organelles Eukaryotic cell This is a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules Lysosome The __________ is a selective barrier that allows oxygen, nutrients, and wastes to service the volume of every cell Plasma membrane Ribosomes use the information from the DNA to make what Proteins This cell type is characterized by having no nucleus, but instead a nucleoid, and no membrane bound organelles Prokaryotic cell Diffusion through protein channels is known as what? Facilitated diffusion Site of ribosomal RNA synthesis Nucleolus What happens to a plant cell when placed in pure water (hypotonic solution)? It becomes turgid, cell wall protects from bursting Site of photosynthesis chloroplast These vacuoles pump excess water out of the cell Contractile This ER lacks ribosomes Smooth ER This organelle modifies products of the ER, manufactures certain macromolecules, sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles Golgi apparatus What kind of amino acids will anchor proteins into the membrane? Non-polar What is it called when cells are moving molecules against its concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration? What does it require to do this? Active transport, requires ATP Site of cellular respiration Mitochondria These types of vacuoles are formed by phagocytosis Food The logistics of carrying out cellular metabolism sets a limit on the size of cells. The ________ to _______ ratio of a cell is critical. Surface area to volume