Oncology Test 3 Lippincott NCLEX-RN - Q & A 10th Ed

Oncology Test 3 Lippincott NCLEX-RN - Q & A 10th Ed The Client at Risk for Cancer 1. The nurse is preparing an educational program on breast cancer for women at an African American community center. What information is important for the nurse to consider for the discussion? 1. African American women have the lowest rate of breast cancer. 2. Most African American women are diagnosed early in the disease process. 3. Breast cancer concerns vary between socio- economic levels of African American women. 4. African American women believe breast cancer is inevitable. 2. Which of the following clients is at highest risk for colorectal cancer? 1. The client who smokes. 2. The client who eats a vegetarian diet. 3. The client who has been treated for Crohn’s disease for 20 years. 4. The client who has a family history of lung cancer. 3. A 21-year-old client undergoes bone marrow aspiration at the clinic to establish a diagnosis of possible lymphoma. Which statement made by the client demonstrates proper understanding of dis- charge teaching? Select all that apply. 1. “I will take Tylenol for pain.” 2. “I do not need to inspect the puncture site.” 3. “I will not be able to play basketball for the next 2 days.” 4. “I will take aspirin if I have pain.” 5. “I can apply an ice pack or a cold compress to the puncture site.” 4. A nurse is conducting a cancer risk screening program. Which of the following clients is at great- est risk for skin cancer? 1. 45-year-old physician. 2. 15-year-old high school student. 3. 30-year-old butcher. 4. 60-year-old mountain biker. 5. A client diagnosed with testicular cancer expresses concerns about fertility. The couple desires to eventually have a family and the nurse discusses the option of sperm banking. The nurse should inform the couple that sperm banking would need to be performed: 1. Before treatment is started. 2. Once the client is tolerating the treatment. 3. Upon completion of treatment. 4. When tumor markers drop to normal levels. 6. Carcinogenesis is irreversible in which of the following stages? 1. Progression stage. 2. Promotion stage. 3. Initiation stage. 4. Regression stage. 7. Cancer prevalence is defined as: 1. The likelihood cancer will occur in a lifetime. 2. The number of persons with cancer at a given point in time. 3. The number of new cancers in a year. 4. All cancer cases more than 5 years old. 603 8. Which of the following groups would benefit most from education regarding potential risk factors for melanoma? 1. Adults older than age 35. 2. Senior citizens who have been repeatedly exposed to the effects of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B rays. 3. Parents with children. 4. Employees of a chemical factory. 9. A nurse is providing education in a com- munity setting about general measures to avoid excessive sun exposure. Which of the following recommendations is appropriate? 1. Apply sunscreen only after going into the water. 2. Avoid peak exposure hours from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. 3. Wear loosely woven clothing for added venti- lation. 4. Apply sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or more before sun exposure. 10. A 29-year-old woman is concerned about her personal risk factors for malignant melanoma. She is upset because her 49-year-old sister was recently diagnosed with the disease. After gathering informa- tion about the client’s history of sun exposure, the nurse’s best response would be to explain that: 1. Some melanomas have a familial component and she should seek medical advice. 2. Her personal risk is low because most mela- nomas occur at age 60 or later. 3. Her personal risk is low because melanoma does not have a familial component. 4. She should not worry because she did not experience severe sunburn as a child. 11. A nurse is palpating a female client’s breast while assessing for breast disease. In the illustra- tion below, indicate the area of the breast in which tumors are most commonly found. 12. A 17-year-old, sexually active female client is seen in the family planning clinic and requests hor- monal contraceptives. Before examination, the nurse should explain the importance of regular Papanico- laou (Pap) smears. This recommendation is based on the current screening guidelines of the American Cancer Society for Pap smears, which state that: 1. Pap smears are recommended every other year. 2. If four consecutive annual Pap smears are negative, the client should schedule repeat Pap smears every 3 years. 3. The initial Pap smear should be done at age 21 or earlier if the woman is sexually active. 4. If four consecutive smears are negative, the client should request a colposcopy. 13. A client with a family history of cancer asks the nurse what the single most important risk factor is for cancer. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse discuss? 1. Family history. 2. Lifestyle choices. 3. Age. 4. Menopause or hormonal events. 14. Experimental and epidemiologic evidence suggests that a high-fat diet increases the risk of several cancers. Which of the following cancers is linked to a high-fat diet? 1. Ovarian. 2. Lung. 3. Colon. 4. Liver. 15. A 42-year-old female highway construction worker is concerned about her cancer risks. She reveals that she has been married for 18 years, has two children, smokes one pack of cigarettes per day, and drinks one to two beers with her husband after work almost every day. She is 30 lb overweight, eats fast food often, and rarely eats fresh fruits and vege- tables. Her mother was diagnosed with breast cancer 2 years ago. Her father and an aunt both died of lung cancer. She had a basal cell carcinoma removed from her cheek 3 years earlier. What combination of behavioral changes should the nurse instruct this client to make first? 1. Decrease fat in the diet, decrease alcohol con- sumption, and use sunscreen every day. 2. Decrease intake of salt-cured food, lose weight, and stop smoking. 3. Stop drinking beer, decrease fiber in the diet, and use sun protection. 4. Stop smoking, use sun protection, and lose weight.