(Answered) Health Assessment All Combined —Jarvis Final Exam_2022.. Rated A+

(Answered) Health Assessment All Combined —Jarvis Final Exam_2022.. Rated A+ Document Content and Description Below (Answered) Health Assessment All Combined —Jarvis Final Exam_2022. Scaphoid, protuberant and distension are abnormal findings of what assessment? Contour of the abdomen. Bulging, visible mass es, asymmetrical shape and hernias are abnormal findings of what assessment? Symmetry of the abdomen. When the umbilicus is everted a normal and abnormal finding? Normal - Pregnancy Abnormal - obesity Where do you see pulsations of the aorta? Epigastric Area Define borborygmus Stomach growling 2 abnormal findings of bowel sounds Hyperactive BS - high pitched, rushing Hypoactive/absent - following abdominal surgery or inflammation of the peritoneum How do you check vascular sounds? Firm pressure over aorta, renal arteries, iliac and femoral arteries. USE BELL What are abnormal findings when checking for vascular sounds? Bruits Friction Rubs What is the normal finding for liver span? 6-12cm What is the normal finding for splenic dullness? Not wider than 7cm in adult and should not encroach on normal tympany over the gastric air bubble. How do you assess for costovertebral angle tenderness? Place hand over 12th rib at the costovertebral angle on the back. Thump hand w/ ulnar edge of your other fist. What are the normal/abnormal findings for the costovertebral angle tenderness? Normal - pt feels thud abnormal - pt feels pain (inflammation) What are the abnormal findings for light palpation of the abdomen? Muscle guarding Rigidity Large Masses TendernessHow do you assess for the deep palpation of the abdomen? Depress abdominal wall (5-8cm) and evenly. Note location, size, consistency, mobility of any palpable organs and presence of masses What does rebound tenderness determine? Presence or peritoneal irritation or inflammation How do you test for rebound tenderness? Firmly and slowly press into abdomen at 90deg angle at a non-tender area and quickly withdraw fingers. Articular dz produces what? [musculoskeletal] Swelling and tenderness around the whole joint Extra-articular dz produces what? [musculoskeletal] Swelling and tenderness to that one particular spot What is crepitation Audible crunching or grating sound How do you grade for muscle testing? Bilaterally with a scale out of 5 What is the muscle testing scale? describe each level What 3 positions do you tell patient to do when assessing the temporomandibular joint? Open normally Slightly open mouth and move it side to side Stick out lower jaw What do you palpate when assessing cervical spine? Spinous process Sternomastoid Trapezius Paravertebral muscles What positions do you ask the patient to do when assessing the cervical spine? 1. Touch chin to chest and lift to ceiling 2. Touch each ear with shoulder without lifting shoulder 3. Turn chin towards shoulders Then repeat motions but apply some pressure w/ your hand What 4 positions do you do to assess the shoulder? Tennis elbow occurs at what common sites? Epicondyles Head of Radius TendonsNormal or abnormal When palpating, the olecranon process should present hollows on each side? True What are the 3 positions for the arm when assessing the elbow? 1. Palpate w/ elbow flexed about 70deg and as relaxed as possible. 2. Flexion of 150 to 160deg of entire arm 3. 90 deg supination and pronation of the hand. Define ankylosis Is it a normal finding? Wrist in extreme flexion Abnormal Abnormal findings of assessing the interphalangeal joints? Heberden and Bouchard nodules are hard and nontender Occurs w/ osteoarthritis What is the phalen test? Put back of both hands together and hold for 60sec What is the tinel test? Direct percussion of the median nerve at wrist. Normal/abnormal findings of the tinel test? Normal - no symptoms produced Abnormal - Carpal tunnel causes burning and tingling along its distribution T/F Concavities or hollows are present on either side of the patella T What is the bulge sign? If there appears to be fluid in the knee area... 1. Stroke 2-3 times to displace the fluid if there is any. 2. Watch the hollow side for a fluid wave. What is the ballottement of Patella? Larger amounts of fluid are present in the knee area What is hallux valgus? Normal/abnormal? When the distal part of the great toe is directed away from the body? Abnormal Difference in shoulder elevation and in level of scapulae and iliac crests occurs with what? Scoliosis What is the straight leg raising test? Lift their leg straight up without bending the knee. Positive on the straight leg raising test is normal or abnormal? Abnormal Shows the presence of a herniated nucleus pulposusDefine pallor loss of color red-pink tones from oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood being lost Define erythema intense redness of skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries Define cyanosis bluish mottled color signifies DEC perfusion of oxygenated blood to the tissues Define jaundice yellowish skin color; indicates rising amounts of bilirubin in the blood What are the common (benign) pigmented areas? Freckles (ephelides) Mole (nevus) Birthmarks Define vitiligo Normal/abnormal? Complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas of white or light skin on the face, neck, feet, and body folds and around orifices What are the danger signs for abnormal pigmented lesions ABCDEF A - asymmetry B - border irregularity C - color variation D - Diameter 6mm E - elevation or evolution F - funny looking Pallor of shock presents w/ what? Rapid pulse rate Oliguria Apprehension Restlessness Spoon nails signify what? Chronic iron deficiency anemia Erythema occurs w/ what? Polycythemia Venous stasis CO2 poisoning Extravascular presence of RBC (petechiae, ecchymosis, hematoma) Cyanosis occurs w/ what? shock cardiac arrest HF Chronic bronchitis Congenital heart dzJaundice occurs w/ what? Hepatitis Cirrhosis Sickle cell Transfusion rxn hemolytic dz of newborn Diaphoresis occurs w/? Thryotoxicosis heart attack anxiety Pain Dehydration looks like? What about extreme dehydration? Mucous membranes dry, lips parched and cracked. Extreme: Skin fissured, resembling cracks in dry lake bed What does the skin feel like in hyper/hypothyroidism? (texture) Hyper - smoother/softer, like velvet Hypo - rough, dry and flaky. V Very thin, shiny skin occurs w/ arterial insufficiency What is peau d'orange? What does it do? Pigskin or orange-peel look. Makes hair follicles more prominent. What to consider IN: Unilateral edema Bilateral edema Uni - consider local or peripheral cause Bilat - consider central problem such as HF or kidney failure what is scleroderma chronic connective tissue disorder associated w/ mobility What is a primary lesion? Lesion on previously unaltered skin What is a secondary lesion? Lesion changes over time or changes because of scratching or infection. Male and female genital hair pattern? Male - upright triangle extending to umbilicus Female - inverted triangle What is seborrhea? normal/abnormal Dandruff normalWhat happens in tinea capitis? Who is it common in? Gray, scaly, well-defined areas w/ broken hairs. Ringworm infection found in school-age children. What is hirsutism? normal/abnormal? Excess body hair In females this forms a male pattern on the face and chest and indicates endocrine abnormalities ABNORMAL What should the angle of the nail be? 160deg Nail clubbing occurs w/? congenital cyanotic heart dz lung cancer pulmonary dz's What happens in early clubbing? normal/abnormal? angle straightens to 100deg and nail base feels spongy. Nail becomes convex as digit grows. What should you consider in nail cyanosis or marked pallor? Cardiovascular or respiratory dysfunction Brown linear streaks are normal or abnormal? Abnormal in light skinned people and may indicated melanoma What is schamroth's sign/window? Macule color change flat less than 1cm freckles, flat, nuvi, petechiae Patch macule larger than 1cm Papule can feel it solid elevated circumscribed less than 1cm mole, wart Plaque Papules coalesce to form surface elevation wider than 1cm psoriasis, lichen planus Nodule solidelevated hard or soft larger than 1cm May extend deeper into derm