PHTH 516 question with complete solution 2023 updated to pass

PHTH 516 question with complete solution 2023 updated to passStandard of Practice 1. Client Assessment, Diagnosis, Interventions - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist demonstrates proficiency in client assessment, diagnosis, and interventions to deliver quality client-centered services b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect the physical therapist to select appropriate assessment tools, make an informed physical therapy diagnosis, and apply intervention procedures that are carried out proficiently for the delivery of quality physical therapy services. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Obtains clients' informed consent to proposed services. ii. Applies appropriate assessment procedures to evaluate clients' health status using standardized measures, as available. Appropriate assessment includes taking a relevant history and completing a physical examination relevant to presenting symptoms. iii. Uses critical thinking and professional judgement to interpret the assessment findings and determine a physical therapy diagnosis. iv. In collaboration with clients, develops realistic intervention plans to address clients' needs and goals. v. Applies intervention procedures safely and effectively. vi. Assigns appropriate tasks to supervisees with clients' consent. vii. Re-evaluates and monitors clients' responses throughout the course of interventions, making adjustments and discontinuing services that are no longer required or effective. viii. Makes appropriate referrals when clients' needs are best addressed in collaboration with/or by another provider. ix. Collaborates with clients and other providers, as appropriate, to plan and implement discharge plans. x. Provides client education to enable and optimize clients' transition to self management. xi. Promotes continuity in service by collaborating and facilitating clients' transition from one health-care sector or provider to another. xii. Delivers only services that are clinically indicated for clients and that they are competently able to provide. Standard of Practice 2. Client-Centred Care - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist integrates a client-centred approach in all aspects of physical therapy service delivery. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that they will be treated respectfully and their input will be valued, acknowledged, and integrated into all aspects of physical therapy service delivery. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Treats clients in a manner that recognizes their autonomy, uniqueness, goals, and self worth at all times. ii. Involves clients in decision-making regarding their care, respecting their independence and right to refuse or withdraw from treatment at any time. iii. Communicates with clients to facilitate their understanding of the care plan and how it addresses their goals; outlines the risks and benefits of services; and obtains informed consent. iv. Monitors clients' responses throughout service delivery, adjusting and modifying interventions/approaches, as required, and obtaining ongoing informed consent. v. Treats all clients with compassion, respect, and dignity throughout the course of their care, especially when conducting sensitive assessment and/or treatments. Standard of Practice 3. Collaborative Practice - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist promotes collaborative practice with clients, health-care team members, and other stakeholders to support the delivery of integrated, quality client-centred care. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that the physical therapist will collaborate effectively with others to promote integrated client-centred care. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Works collaboratively with clients, healthcare team members, and other stakeholders to promote shared decision-making and integrated care. ii. Uses shared leadership and conflict resolution strategies to resolve or accept differences and optimize effective team collaboration. iii. Communicates effectively, obtaining informed consent and maintaining confidentiality with clients, team members, and other stakeholders at all times. iv. Shares information with clients, team members, and other stakeholders about the roles and responsibilities of physical therapists in client-centred care. v. Consults with/refers to the appropriate team member when aspects of clients' goals are best addressed by another provider. vi. Communicates effectively with clients, team members, and other stakeholders to facilitate collaboration and co-ordinate care. vii. Participates in concurrent treatment of the same condition when approaches are complementary, of benefit to clients, and an appropriate use of human/financial resources. viii. Discontinues concurrent services and documents when the physical therapist approaches conflict, there is inefficient use of resources, and/or the risks outweigh the benefits to clients. ix. Treats clients, health-care team members, and other stakeholders with dignity and respect at all times. Standard of Practice 4. Communication - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist communicates clearly, effectively, professionally, and in a timely manner to support and promote quality services. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that communication with the physical therapist will be respectful and professional, and will contribute to their understanding and participation in their health management. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Uses respectful, open, clear, and honest communication in all professional interactions (e.g., spoken, written, social media). ii. Communicates effectively with clients to promote their understanding of proposed services (e.g., active listening, use of plain language, encouraging questions). iii. Identifies potential barriers to effective communication and engages appropriate resources to address these barriers (e.g., interpreters, technology, diagrams, printed education materials). iv. Documents all communications accurately, clearly, professionally, and in a timely manner. Standard of Practice 5. Competence - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist practises within their level of competence and pursues learning throughout the career continuum to maintain competence in existing and emerging areas of their practice. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that the services they receive are delivered by a physical therapist who actively maintains their competence in existing and emerging areas of practice. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Practises within their level of competence, incorporating the required knowledge and skills to deliver quality client-centred care. ii. Takes appropriate actions (e.g., referral to another physical therapist or health-care provider, courses, mentorship) in situations where they do not have the required competence to deliver quality client-centred care. iii. Complies with the appropriate provincial territorial regulatory requirements of continuing competence programs. iv. Demonstrates engagement in self-reflection to identify learning needs and objectives to maintain competence. v. Demonstrates evidence of actively participating in self-directed lifelong learning to maintain competence in existing practice areas and to acquire competence in new and emerging areas of practice. Standard of Practice 6. Conflict of Interest - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist must identify, and avoid or manage, any real, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect the physical therapist to deliver services in clients' best interests and that real, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest are disclosed and managed. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Identifies and manages any situations of real, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest. This includes but is not limited to: 1. receiving financial or other benefits from other providers related to accepting referrals, providing services, or selling products; 2. providing and/or accepting incentives to/from others to generate referrals, provide services, or sell products; 3. receiving financial incentives based on client numbers, service volumes, profits, etc.; 4. self-referring clients acquired in the public sector for treatment in the private sector for their own personal gain; and 5. providing services or any product for financial gain, rather than the benefit of the client. ii. Avoids participating in any real, potential, of perceived conflicts of interest. In situations where conflict of interest cannot be avoided, manage and provide full disclosure of the conflict of interest to clients and others as appropriate and document in a complete, open, and timely manner how the conflict was managed. iii. Makes a reasonable effort to avoid providing services to an individual with whom they have a close personal relationship. In situations where this conflict of interest cannot be avoided (e.g., where no other professional with the specific skills is available), fully disclose and document the conflict of interest, indicating how the relationship is to the client's benefit and in compliance with regulatory requirements. Standard of Practice 7. Consent - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist obtains clients' ongoing informed consent for the delivery of physical therapy services in accordance with the Health Care (Consent) and Care Facility (Admission) Act and the Infants Act. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that they will be informed of the options, risks, and benefits of proposed services; asked to provide their consent; and that the physical therapist will respect their right to question, refuse options, and/ or withdraw from services at any time. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Communicates with clients to explain and facilitate their understanding of physical therapy service options. ii. Explains to clients the risks and benefits of physical therapy service options and the consequences of participating or not in proposed interventions. iii. Obtains and documents clients' ongoing informed consent to proposed services. iv. Respects the autonomy of clients to question, decline options, refuse, and/or withdraw from services at any time. v. Obtains informed consent from the appropriate individual, according to applicable legislation and regulatory requirements, in cases when clients are incompetent, incapacitated, and/or unable to provide consent. vi. Obtains informed consent from a minor's legal guardian where the client is under 19 years of age in accordance with Section 17 of the Infants Act. vii. In situations of physical therapy research, obtains approval from the appropriate research ethics authority and informed consent from clients prior to their participation in studies. Standard of Practice 8. Documentation and Record-Keeping - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist maintains paper or electronic documents/records that are accurate, legible, and complete; written in a timely manner; and in compliance with applicable legislation and regulatory requirements. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that their physical therapy records are confidential, accurate, complete, and comply with applicable legislation and regulatory requirements. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Maintains and shares all documentation, correspondence, and records in compliance with applicable BC legislation and regulatory requirements (Personal Information Protection Act or Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act) and the Privacy/Confidentiality Standard of Practice. ii. Maintains legible, accurate, complete, and timely records related to all aspects of client care in either French or English. iii. Includes in the record detailed chronological information regarding the: 1. unique client identifier on each page of the client record; 2. client's reason for attendance; 3. client's relevant health, family, and social history; 4. dates of each treatment session or professional interaction, including missed or cancelled appointments, telephone, or electronic contact; 5. assessment findings; 6. treatment plan and goals; 7. tasks assigned to the supervisee; 8. details of treatment provided, including modality parameters, client response to treatment, and results of reassessments; 9. details of all client education, advice provided, and communication with or regarding the client; and 10. identification of the provider, including the physical therapist's title. iv. Includes sufficient detail in the record to allow the client to be managed by another physical therapist. v. May reference, rather than duplicate, information collected by another regulated health-care provider that the physical therapist has reviewed as relevant. vi. Uses terms, abbreviations, acronyms, and diagrams which are defined or described to promote understanding for others who may access a record. vii. Identifies the provider of physical therapy services, including supervisees, via tracking and documentation mechanisms. viii. Reviews and countersigns record entries made by physical therapy students. ix. Identifies in a multidisciplinary record the portion for which the physical therapist is responsible for writing. x. Confirms that all correspondence (e.g., electronic communication, social media) and documentation is professionally written in compliance with applicable legislation and regulatory requirements. xi. Secures all personal information (while in use, storage, or during transfer) through the appropriate use of physical, technical, and electronic security mechanisms (e.g., passwords, encryption, locked offices/file cabinets) to protect the privacy of client information. xii. Verifies that all records have an audit trail that clearly captures access and documentation of alterations made to the record clearly identifying: 1. who made the change or addition; and 2. date the change was made. xiii. Makes a reasonable effort to confirm that all professional correspondence is sent to the intended recipient. xiv. Maintains complete and accurate financial records for every circumstance in which they provide treatment, render any service, sell, or provide a product. Financial records must include: 1. identification of the service provider and/ organization, date of service, and product or service provided; 2. client's unique identification; 3. fee for product or service, including any interest charges or discounts provided; and 4. date payment was received and any balance owing. xv. Retains records (e.g., appointment, client, financial) for a minimum of sixteen (16) years from the date of the last entry or the time limitation for actions against a registered health-care professional, as provided for in the Limitation Act (SBC 2012), chapter 13, as amended, whichever is the greater. Records concerning minors must be retained until their age of majority is reached (nineteen (19) years in British Columbia) plus sixteen (16) years. xvi. Ensures retention of records in an accessible manner that enables the record to be retrieved and copied upon request. xvii. Notifies the College of Physical Therapists in British Columbia within twenty-one (21) calendar days of the date of closing a practice or ceasing to practise in the location where the clinical records of the practice are stored. xviii. Disposes of records in a manner that maintains privacy and confidentiality of personal information. xix. Provides a copy of the complete clinical or financial record to the client or their authorized representative upon request and appropriate consent. xx. Documents that equipment used in physical therapy practice is routinely inspected, maintained, and calibrated on a regular basis, according to applicable legislation and manufacturers' recommendations, and retains equipment records. xxi. In absence of an agreement to the contrary, the ownership right to a clinical record remains with the clinic/facility/institution where the record was compiled. Standard of Practice 9. Evidence-Informed Practice - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist incorporates evidence informed practice in all aspects of physical therapy service delivery. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that the physical therapy services they receive are informed by consideration of the best available evidence, client needs, and the personal knowledge and experience of the physical therapist. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Incorporates current physical therapy- related evidence into client-centred care by reviewing relevant research/information and integrating findings into assessment and intervention plans. ii. Integrates critical thinking and professional judgement into client-centred care, evaluates their practice in terms of client outcomes, and modifies approaches accordingly. Standard of Practice 10. Fees and Billing - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist is responsible for ensuring that the fees charged for physical therapy services are transparent and justifiable, enabling clients to make informed choices. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that fee schedules and billing practices for physical therapy services are transparent, justifiable, and clearly communicated. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Clearly communicates applicable fees to clients prior to the provision of physical therapy services. ii. Provides a fee schedule that includes transparent and accurate information about billing policies and all potential charges (e.g., assessments, reports, cancellations, equipment, any additional specialized fees). iii. Provides clients with clear, transparent, accurate, and comprehensive invoices/ receipts, in a timely manner. iv. Maintains accurate and complete financial records related to the provision of services. v. Is responsible for all billing under their registration number, identifying and correcting any errors in a timely manner. vi. Confirms processes are in place to resolve issues arising from billing disputes. vii. Ensures fees are only charged for services provided. Standard of Practice 11. Infection Control - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist complies with infection prevention and control measures to support the health and safety of clients, health-care providers, themselves, and others. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that the measures in place for infection prevention and control during the provision of physical therapy services are in compliance with applicable provincial legislation, regulatory, and/or workplace requirements. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Acquires the education, training, and proficiency to apply infection prevention and control techniques in physical therapy practice (e.g., when needling, suctioning). ii. Adheres to best practices of infection prevention and control in physical therapy practice, according to applicable provincial legislation, regulatory, and/or workplace requirements. iii. Maintains the cleanliness of all spaces, equipment, and devices, according to appropriate legislation, infection prevention and control standards/policies, and manufacturers' recommendations. iv. Disposes of devices and materials, according to best practices and established protocols. v. Uses routine practices (e.g., hand-washing, point-of-care risk assessment, use of personal protective equipment) to minimize or prevent the spread of acquired infections in the health-care setting Standard of Practice 12. Legislative Responsibilities - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist practises in compliance with all legislative and regulatory requirements of their jurisdiction. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that the services they receive are delivered by a registered physical therapist who is in compliance with legislation and regulatory requirements applicable to their practice. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Maintains current registration with the appropriate physical therapy regulatory organization. ii. Is knowledgeable of and complies with relevant federal/provincial/territorial legislation (e.g., privacy legislation, health profession acts) applicable to their practice. iii. Practises in accordance with physical therapy regulatory requirements (e.g., scope of practice, Code of Ethics, Standards of Practice, continuing competence, mandatory reporting, use of title). iv. Practices dry needling only if authorized and rostered. v. Takes responsibility and is accountable for their actions. vi. Conducts themselves in a manner that promotes respect for the profession. Standard of Practice 13. Privacy/Confidentiality - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist respects clients' rights to privacy and confidentiality of personal information, including health, financial, and other information by practising in compliance with applicable legislation and regulatory requirements. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that their personal information will be maintained privately and confidentially in accordance with applicable legislation and regulatory requirements. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Complies with all relevant federal and provincial legislation and regulatory requirements associated with privacy and confidentiality of clients' personal information. ii. Protects clients' privacy and personal information at all times. iii. Maintains security of all client documentation/records (e.g., paper, electronic) at all times (e.g., during data collection, storage, transfer, disposal). iv. Obtains and documents clients' informed consent prior to disclosing confidential information to other parties, including communicating and sharing information electronically in accordance with applicable legislation and regulatory requirements. v. Only accesses relevant client information/ data when providing professional services for the specific client, in keeping with legislative compliance. Standard of Practice 14. Professional Boundaries & Sexual Misconduct - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist acts with professional integrity and maintains appropriate professional boundaries, avoiding professional misconduct of a sexual nature3 with clients, colleagues, students, and others. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect to be treated with integrity and respect, and that the physical therapist will maintain professional boundaries appropriate to the therapeutic relationship in all interactions. Colleagues, students, and others can expect to be treated with integrity and respect, and that the physical therapist will maintain professional boundaries in all interactions. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Demonstrates sensitivity, accountability, integrity, honesty, compassion, and respect in all professional interactions. ii. Explains to clients beforehand any procedures that could be misinterpreted (e.g., removal of clothing, touching, physical closeness) and obtains ongoing informed consent. iii. Respects the client's right to withdraw consent at any time. iv. Stops a procedure or treatment immediately if the client demonstrates unease and re-establishes consent. v. Demonstrates understanding of the impact of power, trust, respect, and physical closeness on relationships with clients. vi. Demonstrates understanding of the impact of power, trust, and respect on relationships with colleagues, students, and others. vii. Treats clients, colleagues, students, and others with respect, avoiding all situations, comments, and/or actions (e.g., sexual, racial) that could be perceived as unprofessional, in violation of human rights, or discriminatory. viii. Establishes and maintains professional boundaries and does not make abusive, suggestive, or harassing comments or engage in inappropriate physical contact or sexual advances with clients, colleagues, students, and others. ix. Manages situations of real, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest where the relationship with clients, colleagues, students, and others could be compromised. x. Ends any therapeutic relationship with clients where professional boundaries cannot be maintained or re-established by transferring care, as required. xi. Confirms that any exchanges using electronic communication and social media are appropriate for therapeutic relationships established with clients. Standard of Practice 15. Quality Improvement - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist engages in quality improvement activities to promote quality physical therapy services. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that quality improvement activities are part of physical therapy practice. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Accesses and applies relevant information to improve client care and the delivery of physical therapy services. ii. Engages in continuous quality improvement processes to enhance client care, as appropriate. iii. Supports the development of new evidence and best practices by participating in clinical research and program evaluation, as appropriate Standard of Practice 16. Risk Management - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist participates in risk management activities to promote quality physical therapy services. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect that they will be informed of risks inherent to their care, measures will be taken to minimize risks, and they will be safe in the care of the physical therapist. c. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The physical therapist: i. Verifies that there are policies and procedures in place related to risk and crisis management and that they are knowledgeable about these procedures. ii. Identifies potential risks in the work environment and incorporates appropriate measures to mitigate/manage these risks (e.g., breaches of privacy/confidentiality; environmental hazards; solo practice; aggressive clients; and treatment risks). iii. Participates in emergency preparedness and response training appropriate to the practice setting (e.g., fire drills, CPR). iv. Recognizes the occurrence of near misses and adverse events (e.g., hot-pack burns, falls) and responds immediately to minimize the impact on the client. v. Documents near misses and adverse events and completes reports appropriate to the practice setting. vi. Contributes to the collection of data to identify, manage, and prevent potential risks and adverse events relevant to the practice setting. vii. Discloses details of any adverse events to the client promptly and transparently, according to best practice guidelines and employer policies and procedures. Standard of Practice 17. Safety - correct answer a. STANDARD The physical therapist promotes and maintains a safe environment for clients, health-care providers, themselves, and others to support quality services. b. EXPECTED OUTCOME Clients can expect to be safe in the care of the physical therapist and in the practice environment.