OCC 516 FINAL all lectures combined graded A+ Already passed

OCC 516 FINAL all lectures combined graded A+ Already passedwhich system supplies nutrients to fuel physiological and pathophysiological activities? - correct answer GI The main function of the GI system is - correct answer digestion T/F digestion has a significant impact on overall health and quality of life - correct answer true two components of the GI system - correct answer alimentary canal and accessory organs The system ____________________ runs from the mouth to anus (esophagus, stomach, small/large intestines, rectum) and the ___________________________ includes salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, bioducts, pancreas that aids in digestions - correct answer alimentary canal and accessory organs the mouth consists of _______________, _____________, ________________, and __________________ that aids in digestion. - correct answer palate, tongue, teeth, salivary glands salivary glands consists of ___________________ which are is a digestive enzyme that initiates carbohydrate digestion - correct answer amylase salivary gland consists of ___________ which kills certain types of bacteria, as well as lubricate mouth, protect esophagus and break down food at its initial state - correct answer lysozyme salivary glands have 3 glands: - correct answer parotid, submandibular, sublingual this salivary gland is rich in amylase, which turns starch into sugar a. parotid gland b. submandibular gland c. sublingual gland - correct answer parotid gland this salivary gland is watery saliva and has little mucus. this helps moisten food mechanical to help swallow a. parotid gland b. submandibular gland c. sublingual gland - correct answer submandibular gland this salivary gland is mostly mucus, and has lysozyme which kills bacteria and protects from viruses a. parotid gland b. submandibular gland c. sublingual gland - correct answer sublingual gland what is the overall function of the pharynx? a. Passageway from back of nose and throat to the esophagus b. Responsible for passing food from pharynx to stomach c. Receives ingested foods and liquids - correct answer Passageway from back of nose and throat to the esophagus what is the function of the longitudinal muscles in the pharynx? - correct answer lifts walls during swallowing what are the 3 parts of the pharynx? - correct answer nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx what is the function of esophagus? a. Passageway from back of nose and throat to the esophagus b. Responsible for passing food from pharynx to stomach c. Receives ingested foods and liquids - correct answer Responsible for passing food from pharynx to stomach what are the 4 esophagus layers from inner to outer? - correct answer mucosa, submucosa, muscular, tunica adventitia what is the function of the mucosa layer? a. contracting and relaxing for peristalsis b. provides structure to esophagus c. lines oral cavity to protect and lubricate d. not a lot of function - correct answer lines oral cavity to protect and lubricate what is the function of the submucosa layer? a. contracting and relaxing for peristalsis b. provides structure to esophagus c. lines oral cavity to protect and lubricate d. not a lot of function - correct answer contracting and relaxing for peristalsis what is the function of the tunica adventitia layer? a. contracting and relaxing for peristalsis b. provides structure to esophagus c. lines oral cavity to protect and lubricate d. not a lot of function - correct answer provides structure to esophagus This sphincter aids to refrain from regurgitation from esophagus back to mouth - correct answer upper esophageal sphincter This sphincter is tense at all times to make sure stomach acid doesn't get regurgitated - correct answer lower esophageal sphincter the stomach initiates - correct answer digestion these cells in the stomach secretes mucus for protection of the mucosae from the digestive secretions; acidic in nature to break down food - correct answer mucous neck cell gastric juices convert food into - correct answer chyme ________________ stimulates gastric juices via ______________________ nerve impulses, stomach stretches - correct answer gastrin, parasympathetic When chyme passes into the duodenum, it will release __________________ and _____________ to reduce motility of the stomach and gastric juice secretion - correct answer cholecystokinin and secretin _____________________ converts into pepsin in the presence of HCL to break down protein into peptides in the stomach. (key for breaking down proteins for the building block of proteins) - correct answer pepsinogen T/F with the exception of water, minerals, some drugs and alcohol, most absorption occurs in the stomach - correct answer true the small intestine consists of 3 parts: - correct answer duodenum, jejunum, ileum segmentation inside the _____________ mixes chyme with bile, pancreatic juice and intestinal juice - correct answer small intestines T/F the small intestines does not have nerves or lymphatics - correct answer false Carbohydrate digestion begins in _________ and ends in _________________________ - correct answer mouth, small intestine carbohydrate, fat and protein digestion occurs in the - correct answer small intestine what is the function of the appendix? - correct answer immune defense where is the appendix? - correct answer large intestine in the large intestine, what absorbs fluid and salt? - correct answer cecum in the large intestine, the colon as 3 sections: - correct answer ascending, transverse and descending in the large intestine, this temporarily stores FECES or organic matter not absorbed by body - correct answer rectum T/F chyme residue in the large intestine contains water, minerals, bacteria and substances which did not digest - correct answer true major function of the large intestine is the absorption of ________________, _________________, and ________________________. - correct answer water and electrolyes, producing and absorbing vitamins, forming and propelling feces to the rectum formation of feces is formed by chyme as it enters _______________________ - correct answer descending colon formation of feces contain 4 things: - correct answer water, bacterial biomass, protein, carbohydrate or undigested plant matter most common congenital disorder of the esophagus - correct answer tracheoesophageal fistula this disorder of the esophagus is the abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea, often accompanied by esophageal atresia. infants born with this will develop aspiration shortly after birth - correct answer tracheoesophagel fistula this disorder of the esophagus is seen with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing foods/liquid) - correct answer motor disorder