NES 102 practice test questions and answers graded A+

NES 102 practice test questions and answers graded A+ Informational Texts Meant to teach the reader facts about a subjects Pragmatics The study of language in its use Literal Comprehension Understanding the meaning of words in a passage, identify topic sentence or supporting detials Inferential Comprehension Using information explicitly stated in the passage to determine info that is not stated. evaluative Comprehension Analysis or making Judgements about info presented in the text. Phoneme Smallest individual sound in a word Compound complex sentence A sentence having two or more coordinate independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. Complex Sentence Made up of one independent clause and one dependent clause. Compound sentence Two independent clauses that are joined by a conjunction or a semicolon. Morpheme Combination of sound that has meaning in speech or writitng. Syntax The rule that controls the construction of words in order to make phrases, clauses, or sentences. Decoding Identifying unknown words by relating the speech sounds to letters or letter patterns. Meter Rhythm of a poem, dependent on the number of syllables and how they are accented. Myth Stories that are shared with a culture to explain it's history or traditions. Epic A long poem of book length that reflects values, inherent in the generative society. Alphabetical Principle Understanding that their is logical/systematic relationships btw sounds of spoken english/ letter and letter patterns of written language. Alliteration The repetition of consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables. Word recognition The ability to quickly, easily to identify words without sounding them out. Semantics The study of word and symbol meaning. Tall tales Purposely exaggerated accounts of individuals with superhuman strength. Fable A tale offering up a normal exemplum; animals act like humans by speaking. Tragedie Have unhappy ending, usually involve a downfall of the main character. Comedie Light hearted and have a happy ending Persuasive texts Are meant to convince the audience of a point of view. Consonance The reptition of constant sounds anywhere within the words. Onomatopoeia The naming of a thing or action with a vocal imitation of the sound associated with it. "buzz or hiss". Phonological awareness The ability to identify individual words, sounds and syllables. Phonemic awareness Understanding that spoken language/words consist of a sequence of individual words. Ceaser chavez American labor leader, civil rights activist, and founded Farm workers association in 1962. Confucius Taught Confucianism, the chinese philosophy emphasizing harmony/respect for hiearchy. King Hammurabi Developed courts/early codified rules of law. Bay of PIGS President kennedy, planned to invade bay of pigs and take control. Mission failed, strengthened allience btw soviet union and cuba. 1st Amendment Freedom of speech, press, peacably, and assembly. 4th Amendment protects people against unreasonable search and seizure. 5th Amendment Protects criminal from self-incrimination, double Jepordary, requires due process of law. Executive branch President can veto congressional legislation, nominate supreme court justices. Legislative Branch Congress can override presidential veto with 2/3 vote from both houses. Judical Branch Supreme court can over turn congressional legislation it deems unconstitutional. Monarchy The rule of a nation by a monarch (king/Queen) Dictatorship AKA (oligarchy) is ruled by an individual or small group of individuals. Culture diffusion The movement of cultural ideas btw populations independent of movement of those populations. Facism Tolerates private ownership of the means of production. Market economy Consumers vote for products that they want their dollars spending money. Market Brings buyers/sellers together so they can buy/sell form each other. Centrally planned economy Production is publicly owned, planning authority makes decisions, Fedualism A way to construct society around relationships derived from the holding of land for (exchange) for service or labor. Relative location A place that is adjacent in location to other places. Absolute location Describes location by geographical location. MAP Present physical features of a region of earth on a flat surface. Globe Most Accurate; Areas, distances, directions, and relative to shape/size of earth. China Shang dynasty, wheeled technology, walled cities, Great Wall of China. Egyptians United under one paraoh, pyramids, art, Hieroglyphics (picture writing), settled along Nile River, and developed irrigation canals. Sumerians Mesopotamia, irrigation, advanced agriculture, cuneiform-earliest known form of writing to use characters to form words. Immigration Most immigrants are from Latin America, European settlers along Atlantic coast, colonies grew into towns/villages, blacksmiths, ministers, midwives, teachers, governers Louisiana Purchase Thomas Jefferson purchased Louisiana territory from France. Doubled the size of the united states. Lewis & Clark Seeked water route across continent to the pacific ocean, Cataloged plants, animals, mapped territory, established relations with native american indians. WWI Allied powers: Great Britian, France, Russia, Italy, U.S. Central powers: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria WWII Allied Powers; Great Britian, France, Soviet Union, U.S. Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan United states entered the war when Japan bomed Pearl Harbor Presidential Power 1. Sign/veto legislation 2. Command the armed forces 3. Ask for written opinion of cabinent 4. Convene or adjourn congress 5. Grant pardons/receive ambassadors Stages of writing pre-writing, rough draft, revise, edit, publish Primary source These include; diaries, journals, letters, interviews, and surveys. secondary source These include; research articles, books and encyclopedias Autocracy Rule by a single authoritarian leader Democracy Ruled by the people (Majority vote) Expository writing writing used to explain an idea or concept or inform the reader about a topic. Narrative writing style of writing used to tell a personal or fictional story that entertains the reader. Declaration of Independence Issued July 4th, 1776, written by Thomas Jefferson and signed by the leaders of the continental congress. Natural resources Fresh water, arable land, fuel, livestock, and game. Reading Fluency Is measured by the rate and accuracy of how someone reads. Phonics The relationship btw spoken sounds in words and the printed letters that correspond to those sounds.