EMT B NCOAE Final Exam Solved 100% Correct

EMS Should base their patient care decisions on - Evidence based research Why are elderly people at a higher risk for brain bleeds - Brain shrinkage Normal respiratory rate for an adult - 12-20 Normal respiratory rate for infant - 25-50 A patient suffering from inadequate tissue profusion is suffering from - shock Compensatory measures when the body loses blood - Increases respiratory rate, constricts blood vessels, shunts blood, heart pumps faster Bone in the back of the skull - Occipital bone Hole in the occipital bone is called - Foramen magnum What chambers of the heart makes up the apex - Ventricles The chest is _ to the spine - Ventral AAA - abdominal aortic aneurism Fractured tibia near the ankle is a _ fracture - distal A child with severe injuries with no guardian around should be - treated immediately An alert and oriented adult asks you to take them to the hospital, showing - Expressed consent If you are stuck with a needle, you should immediately - notify a supervisor If a patient is breathing at a normal rate, does this mean normal tidal volume? - No How is tidal volume determined - TV*RR = MV Online commands are - Direct Offline commands are - indirect Follow _ to insure adequate care - protocols A team of healthcare providers who care and transport - EMS Provides a national standard for testing, unaffiliated with the government - NREMT To prevent disease, - wash your hands True/false - Can all patients over the age of 18 give consent - no Can one consent to transport but refuse treatment - yes When can you forcibly restrain someone - when they are a threat to themselves or others HIPPA applies through - privacy Who sets a local scope of practice - Medical director When do you need to make a report to an outside agency - Child death, Crime Slander - Spoken Lible - written Any alert and conscious or mentally competent adults can - refuse treatment BP directly correlates to - Weight/size Buildup of plaque in the arteries - atherosclerosis Prone - facedown Bilateral - Both sides CNS includes - brain and spinal cord When lifting or moving a patient, the weight should be by the - torso Elderly shouldn't be on a spine board because of - abnormal spine injuries Best way to carry someone who is weak out of a house upstairs is - on a stair chair In case of an emergency move, what comes before getting them out of the situation - None As a team leader, you must - communicate and give commands Restraining someone includes - one arm up one arm down Purpose of the narrative in patient care is to - tell your story For a DNR to be valid, you must - see paperwork Duty to act applies when you are - on shift or made patient contact By doing the right thing by the patient you are being the - patient's advocate During a hurricane, you find people trapped in a car. You should - call for rescue Medication indicated by angina pectoris - 4 81 mg asprin Dose for Tylenol - 500-1000mg Dose for Ibuprofen - 400-800mg A high pitched sound from upper area due to swelling - Stridor Another name for hives - Urticaria When treating for anaphylaxis, always look to the _ for clues - environment An allergic reaction that reaches multiple systems - Anaphylaxis Epinephrine stimulates a - Sympathetic response Patient presents with cold, clammy skin, tachycardia, and weakness. What do they have? - Hypoglycemia A patient presents with polyphagia and deep, rapid respirations. They are - Hyperglycemic Post-seizure state "flopping like a fish" - Postictal High blood pressure (hypertension) puts you at risk for a - Hemorrhagic stroke Hypoglycemia, postictal state, and inter cranial bleeding can all mimic - A stroke In someone exhibiting signs of a stroke, DO NOT give them a thrombolytic if they present with a - brain bleed The left brain controls the _ body - right In patients with GI issues, the most important thing to identify is if they need - rapid transport Someone complains of abdominal pain after eating fatty foods. hey most likely have - Cholecystitis What drug may induce nausea - Oxygen Someone complaining of pain is restless and diaphoretic. They most likely are suffering from - shock Treatment for shock - wrap in blankets, give o2, and transport A patient is vomiting bright red blood. Your priority is to - Clear the airway Secondary assessments should be done during _ or _ - transport, not at all The most important thing to know about a stroke victim is - how long it has been since they were without sympoms A suspected stroke patient has an O2SAT of 98 and they are breathing fine. You should - transport in recovery position During a primary assessment, a patient is semiconscious. You should always - make sure they have an airway If low blood sugar (hypoglycemia is left untreated, it can lead to _ _ _ - seizure, coma, death Treat a febrile seizure by - cooling them down (take clothes off) A thrombosis in an artery will _ the artery - block An embolism will - block bloodflow A ruptured artery will - block blood flow A dilated cerebral artery will _ bloodflow - Increase When working a cardiac arrest with a paramedic, they will use what to administer drugs - IV or IO A patient is complaining of chest pain and has a prescription for Nitroglycerine. you should help them administer it unless they - have taken ED drugs or have a BP of below 100 If you are treating for anaphylaxis and cannot radio in, you should - do it anyways Always follow epinephrine treatment with - 50 mg Benadryl Patients with slow respirations should receive - Narcan What must you have to administer any drug (not o2 or aspirin) - Approval the Route for Epi is - IM If a patient is breathing shallow, you should - Use a BVM Does someone with shallow breathing and a normal RR need to be bagged? - Yes What breathing pattern presents with increasing depth and periods of apnea - Cheyne stokes For a patient without spinal injury (adult) open the airway using the _ method - Head tilt chin lift For an adult with suspected spinal injury, open airway using - Jaw thrust When putting in an OPA, a patient begins to gag. You should - turn them to their side Use a _ for patients who may or may not be conscious with a gag reflex - NPA Someone appears to be breathing well but are showing signs of hypoxia. Treat with - A non rebreather You know you are using a BVM correctly when - the chest inflates CPAP is designed to - open alveoli through backpressure Someone is blue and the pulse ox says 98. The most likely explanation is that they have - carbon dioxide poisoning PERRL pupils - Contract with light bilaterally What should you check on dark skinned individuals for o2 levels - Palms and Mucous membranes The primary thing a patient is concerned about is their - chief complaint PERRL stands for - Pupils equal round and reactive to light Rate of Compression for CPR - 100-120 bpm High blood pressure (over 180) is called a - hypertensive emergency *Bloodflow through the heart* - YAH What do you assess in every patient with a respiratory problem - Lung sounds, SPO2, RRQ A pacemaker that beats only when the heart stops - Demand Pacemaker Crackles or rails indicate - Fluid in the airway "Pacemaker of the heart" - SA node Anxiety can lead to hypoxia (T/F?) - False Coughing, unilateral breath sounds, and late sign of tracheal deviation are signs of a - Pneumothorax An asthmatic response is a response of the - immune system ED medications were originally made to treat - hypertension and angina If someone becomes intolerant to their daily routine, they most likely are suffering from - angina A patient presents with fatigue, coughs up nasty sputum, and night sweats - TB Compression to ventilation rate for adult CPR - 30:2 In right-sided heart failure, you would see - dependent edema In left sided heart failure, you would see - pulmonary edema For a patient with a mild partial airway obstruction, you should - encourage them to cough Stridor indicates - Upper airway swelling Complications when giving chest compressions - Fractured rib, sternum, punctured lung, liver, or spleen Rapid M-looking things - V-Tach Random waves, no pattern - V- Fib