PSY 4500: Exam 1|239 Questions with Verified Solutions 2023

PSY 4500: Exam 1|239 Questions with Verified Solutions 2023 What were the leading causes of death in the 1900s? - CORRECT ANSWER Infectious Diseases Two research teams are both experimenting with new treatments for a medical condition. In one study, the condition involved currently has no treatment; in the other, there is an accepted treatment, to which the researchers seek alternative and/or improved options. Both studies are comparing an experimental treatment to a placebo. Ethically, what is the most likely opinion? - CORRECT ANSWER b. The study wherein an accepted standard of care exists may be unethical. What are the leading causes of death in the 2000s? - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic Diseases What are some of the greatest public health achievements? - CORRECT ANSWER - Immuizations - Motor Vehicle Safety - Workplace Safety - Infectious Disease Control - Declines in deaths; secondary to heart disease and stroke - Safer/ healthier food - Maternal/ child health - Family Planning - Fluoridation - Tobacco Control What is a chronic disease? - CORRECT ANSWER a long lasting, or recurrent, disease What are some of the most common chronic diseases? - CORRECT ANSWER Heart disease, cancer and stroke How many ppl die from chronic disease each year in the US? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 million ppl How does age relate to mortality? - CORRECT ANSWER Older ppl are more likely to die than younger ppl Differential causes of death based on age How are the leading causes of death for those under 44? - CORRECT ANSWER Unintentional injuries _____________ diseases are the leading cause of death for those 45-64 yrs old. - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic The #1 cause of death for European Americans, Hispanic Americans and African Americans is ________________. - CORRECT ANSWER heart disease The #1 cause of death for Asian Americans is ____________________. - CORRECT ANSWER Cancer How does poverty relate to mortality? - CORRECT ANSWER This can mean more limited access to health insurance and medical care. Poor mothers are more likely to have ________________ weight babies and deliver babies who have had _______________________, which increases infant mortality rates. - CORRECT ANSWER low-birth; prenatal child abuse True or False? Those who attend college have lower death rates than those who have not. - CORRECT ANSWER True Why is it that ppl who are higher educated report better health? - CORRECT ANSWER - Better jobs, higher incomes, better access to healthcare, fewer daily health symptoms, less stress, healthier habits What was the life expectancy in the 1900s? - CORRECT ANSWER 47.3 years What is the life expectancy in 2011? - CORRECT ANSWER 77 years What is the #1 factor that increased life expectancy? - CORRECT ANSWER There has been a decrease in infant mortality What are some of the imporant factors that helped raise life expectancy? - CORRECT ANSWER Vaccinations, safer drinking water, better nutrition True or False? In the US, medical costs have decreased faster than inflation. - CORRECT ANSWER FALSE!!! They have increased faster than inflation Why have medical costs increased faster than inflation? - CORRECT ANSWER Ppl who have chronic diseases tend to require expensive and extensive medical treatments What model was used as the traditional view of health? - CORRECT ANSWER Biomedical Model - a disease results from exposure to a pathogen - Views health as the absence of disease What is shown in Sheldon Cohen's reasearch on colds? - CORRECT ANSWER Not all participants developed a cold. Those who do develop a cold are more likely to have had a stressful experience, experience fewer positive emotions, be less sociable, have less diverse social networks than who do not develop a cold What model is used to view health today? - CORRECT ANSWER Biopsychosocial Model - A disease results from a combo of the biological, psychological and social influences - It views health as a positive condition How is health currently define by WHO? - CORRECT ANSWER A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. What is health psychology? - CORRECT ANSWER Branch of psychology that concerns individual behaviors and lifestyles affecting a person's physical health - Recognized by the APA as a subfield of Psych in 1978 What is a similar discipline to health psychology? - CORRECT ANSWER Behavioral medicine- -- it is concerned with the integration of biomedical science w/ behavioral sciences and developed as a field in 1977.