WGU C215 Operations Management PVDC Final (Verified Solution)

WGU C215 Operations Management PVDC Final (Verified Solution) Which definition is used for quality, evaluates how well a product performs its intended function? Fitness for use 14 points for quality improvement Which total quality management (TQM) process was developed to stress management's responsibility for quality? ISO 9000 Set of international standards on quality management and quality assurance, critical to international business -TQM process consists of 13 published standards and guidelines -Like when joint commission shows up at the hospitals Checklist A list of common defects and the number of observed occurrences of these defects. scatter diagram a plot of two variables showing whether they are related Control Chart A graph that shows whether a sample of data falls within the common or normal range of variation. mean A statistical measure of central tendency, or average, based on dividing a total by the number of individual cases. assignable causes of variation -Causes can be identified and eliminated -e.g. poor employee training, worn tool, machine needing repair common causes or random Stuff you cannot identify -Random causes that we cannot identify, unavoidable Cpk measures How close one is to a target and how consistent one is with the average performance. -How closely it measures Six Sigma Technical tolls and people involvement The empirical rule, 3 standard deviations. This is 3 sigma's. 6 sigmas and you are almost at 100% DMAIC DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) a six sigma process that outlines the steps that should be followed to improve an existing business process define stage includes the voice of the customer and value stream Job Design It does not have anything to do with people. -The process by which managers decide how to divide tasks into specific jobs waiting time -Screen patients and fast track those with minor ailments -amount of time a process has been waiting in the ready queue Service location decisions -proximity to customers -Quality of life issues proximity to customers -key factor of a location analysis for a service company -if you need to have a car repaired, you wont drive too far. Capacity Planning Hospital- Capacity is beds and output is the patients. If you have 1 pt for 2 days and one for 3 days. The output is how many patients and not how many beds we have. capacity utilization are you using more workers and what are your resources? Measures how much of the available capacity is actually being used. Measures effectiveness. Capacity Focus facilities that are small, specialized, and focused on a narrow set of objectives. effective capacity capacity measurement at the best operating level when the average unit cost is minimized center of gravity approach an approach for locating a single facility that minimizes the distance to existing facilities. -use the breakeven analysis -how many units needed to manufacture to breakeven. break-even analysis the process of determining the number of units a firm must sell to cover all costs. Considers fixed costs, variable Fed EX is in Tennessee so it will be in the middle repetitive process classic assembly line. A line process, a continuous process. Project Process make a one-at-a-time product exactly to customer specifications, expensive. Like an automobile collision shop that does body and engine repair as well as custom vehicle paint job. Batch Process a process in which goods or services are produced in groups (batches) and not in a continuous stream eg. auto shop offers body repair, engine repair, and custom vehicle paint options Bottleneck in a flowchart the longest part in the process eg manufacturing a car and the car needs to be painted or the time the cake in the oven. compute process velocity Throughput time/value-added time -How fast we are going Actual output/standard output Which formula would indicate that a fast-food restaurant was performing at, above, or below its benchmark? -We know how many burgers were making and what the standard is output/input productivity formula Throughput time/value-added time How long it takes from the raw materials to become finished goods. Process Each item goes through process Which total quality management (TQM) process was developed to stress management's responsibility for quality? 14 points for quality improvement Hybrid any mix of elements from a product layout and a process layout, to gain the advantages of both eg group technology standard time Determines how long it takes a qualified operator to perform a duty of the job requirements under the assumption that the operator is working at a sustainable pace with the proper tools for the process. -How long t takes somebody to finish the work performance time How long it actually took observed time Actual time -The time measured from stopwatch infinite loading A scheduling approach that ignores capacity constraints. -Working backwards -ex Amazon doesn't have the computer you want but they have a network where they can send you to someone who can give it to you finite loading -Working forward. -Jobs are assigned to work centers taking into account the work center capacity and job processing times. -Have fixed capacity -ex I go to a bike shop to buy a bike. They know what people will want. They offer repair, the can say I need this employee for repair shop. They have resources to manage Backwards Scheduling Begins with required delivery date and works in the reverse order to determine when each process step must be preformed. Respect for people A 3rd element element of JIT that considers human resources as an essential part of the JIT philosophy. Reducing waste is achieved by Just in time and lean system Lean Systems systems that maximize productivity by reducing waste and delays. Not sacrificing productivity -JIT is a part of lean system - Kanban System a pull system that uses cards to visually signal the need for inventory. -Exact quantity that needs to be produced -small lot and shorten manufacturing lead time -forecast how much inventory your going to need Which total quality management (TQM) process consists of 13 published standards and guidelines? ISO 9000 ISO 9000 total quality management (TQM) process consists of 13 published standards and guidelines A company manufactures shoes using a quality management system. The company needs to put a process in place to measure any defects. The company would like to measure the number of defects and observe the number of occurrences to isolate the particular defect. Which quality tool should the company use to focus on correcting this particular issue? checklist Which quality control tool should be used to monitor the current status or end result of a process? Flowchart Which group of keywords or phrases describes the crucial role that marketing plays in the total quality management (TQM) process? Review and recommend product changes, satisfy customers needs, open communication What is the common theme in total quality management (TQM) across all functions in an organization? To satisfy customer needs Which concept of variation measures the central tendency of a set of data? mean What do assignable causes of variation indicate? Equipment was found out of control Which continuous improvement method does Cpk measure? How close one is to a target and how consistent one is with the average performance What are two important aspects of Six Sigma? people involvement technical tools Which strategy is used by some emergency rooms to overcome customer frustrations about long waiting times? Screen patients and fast-track those with minor ailments