Leik FNP certification review exam 2023 with 100% correct answers

A 30-year-old chef complains of pruritic hives over her chest and arms, but denies difficulty swallowing or breathing. She reports a family history of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate? A. Obtain a complete and thorough history B. Recommend an oral antihistamine such as diphenhydramine 25 mg PO QID C. Give an injection of epinephrine 1:1000 intramuscularly stat D. Call 911 A) Obtain a complete and thorough history Before prescribing medications, a thorough history must be obtained to determine possible causes of hives. The patient denied difficulty with swallowing and breathing, so there was no medical emergency that would require calling 911. Which of the following findings is most likely in young primigravidas with pregnancy-induced hypertension? A. Abdominal cramping and constipation B. Edema of the face and the upper extremities C. Shortness of breath D. Dysuria and frequency B) Edema of the face and the upper extremities Common signs and symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension include edema of the face and the upper extremities, weight gain, blurred vision, elevated blood pressure, proteinuria, and headaches Which of the following symptoms is associated with B12 deficiency anemia? A. Spoon-shaped nails and pica B. Abnormal neurological exam C. Vegan diet D. Tingling and numbness of both feet D) Tingling and numbness of both feet Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia can cause nerve cell damage if not treated. Symptoms of B12 deficiency anemia may include tingling or numbness in fingers and toes, difficulty walking, mood changes or depression, memory loss, disorientation, and dementia. A second triple screen on a 35-year-old primigravida reveals abnormally low levels of alpha fetoprotein and estriol and high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin. Which of the following interventions is the best choice for this patient? A. Order an ultrasound B. Order a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen C. Order a 24-hour urine for protein clearance D. Assess for a history of illicit drug or alcohol use A) Order an ultrasound Abnormally low levels of alpha fetoprotein and estriol and high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin are abnormal during pregnancy. An ultrasound should be ordered to further evaluate the fetus for characteristics of Down syndrome and/or fetal demise. All of the following are true statements about diverticula except: A. Diverticula are located in the colon B. A low-fiber diet is associated with the condition C. Most diverticula in the colon are infected with gram-negative bacteria D. Supplementing with fiber, such as psyllium (Metamucil), is recommended C) Most diverticula in the colon are infected with gram-negative bacteria Diverticula in the colon can be infected with both gram-negative and gram-positive Patients who are diagnosed with gonorrhea should also be treated for which of the following infections? A. Chancroid B. Chlamydia trachomatis C. Herpes genitalis D. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) B) Chlamydia trachomatis When diagnosed with gonorrhea, the patient should also be treated for Chlamydia trachomatis. Kyphosis is a late sign of: A. Rheumatoid arthritis B. Osteopenia C. Osteoporosis D. Osteoarthritis C) Osteoporosis Kyphosis is a curvature of the spine that causes a rounding of the back, which leads to a slouching posture. Severe thinning of the bones (osteoporosis) contributes to this curvature in the spine. Symptoms that may occur with severe cases of kyphosis include difficulty breathing, fatigue, and back pain. A 35-year-old primigravida who is at 18 weeks gestation is expecting twins. What would you would expect her alpha fetoprotein (AFP) values to be? A. Normal B. Higher than normal C. Lower than normal D. None of the above B) Higher than normal Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is produced in the fetal and maternal liver. Higher levels of AFP are commonly seen in multiple gestations due to the growing liver in each fetus, which cumulatively lead to higher AFP levels.