State Exam Nursing New Zealand Test Bank Latest 2023 Answered

State Exam Nursing New Zealand Test Bank Latest 2023 Answered What does Ambulatory mean? Day surgery (max stay 23 hours) What does inpatient surgical care mean? Admitted to hospital (min 24 hours) Surgery classifications? Elective Diagnostic Acute List 3 patient orientated goals post surgery? Return to normal physical function Remain free from post op complications Achieve emotional and physical comfort What is included in a pre-op assessment? (5) Obtain history Physical assessment Determine patient understanding Identify emotional state and coping skills Check consent, pre anaesthetic form complete, other pre anaesthetic orders What does atelectasis mean? Collapse or closure of lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange List 5 ways to safely care for post op patients? Fluid balance input and output Pain management Assessing wound Vital signs every five minutes Checking IV site What is meningitis? A serious disease in which there is inflammation of the meninges Signs and symptoms of meningitis? Intense headache Fever Light sensitivity Muscular rigidity Main cause of meningitis? Bacterial: Streptococcus pneumoniae Viral: Enterovirus Signs of raised intercranial pressure? (4) Headache Nausea Increased bp Confusion What is the purpose of the nursing council? To protect the health and safety of members of the public by ensuring RNs are registered, fit to practise, and competent. Signs of otitis? (Ear infection/inflammation) Ear pain Fever Difficulty hearing What would you do if prescribed medication was not signed by the doctor? Do not give until a signature or verbal consent has been given with a witness Signs of a patient on methamphetamine? (5) Dilated pupils Agitation Increased bp Loss of appetite Paranoia List 5 pieces of advice to give a patient following a total hip replacement? Place a pillow between legs when lying on side Avoid bending past 90 degrees Avoid crossing legs Sit on chairs higher than knee height Take short frequent walks What is airway obstruction caused by? Tongue Laryngospasm Retained secretions Insufficient anaesthetic reversal Treatment for airway obstruction? Correct positioning o2 therapy Suctioning Close monitoring Viral signs Anti emetics Manifestations of atelectasis? Insidious onset Early s&s: cough, sputum, low grade fever Later s&s: respiratory distress, dyspnoea, tachycardia, pleural pain, cyanosis, anxiety What is a pulmonary embolism? Occurs from a deep vein thrombosis, clot forms, travels to lungs or brain, life threatening Diagnosis of a pulmonary embolism? Chest X-ray Ecg Abg Ultra sound Pulmonary angiography How to prevent a pulmonary embolism? Pre op weight loss Compression stockings Early animation Hydration Meds What causes a deep vein thrombosis? Occurs in leg veins due to inactivity, body positioning, and pressure Risk factors for DVTs? Elderly Poor nutrition Surgery over three hours Limited mobility Long haul flights Diabetes What is wound dehiscence? Disruption of previously joined wound edges due to an infection, too tight sutures, or injury to wound Risk factors for wound dehiscence? Elderly Poor nutrition Diabetes Abdominal surgery Immunosuppressant Smoking Signs of wound inflammation? Redness Warmth Malaise ( general discomfort) Tachycardia Febrile What are treatments for pain? Positioning Analgesia List some side effects of opioid use? Decreased bp Decreased LOC Vomitting Respiratory depression Constipation What would you assume if someone's temperature was slightly lower post surgery? This could be normal due to lack of muscle movement to keep body warm What would you assume if someone's temperature was slightly higher post surgery? This could be normal due to inflammation being the 1st sign of healing What would a temp above 38 4-5 days post op signify? Infection/sepsis What is autologous blood collection? Providing blood for oneself What fresh blood components are given in blood transfusions? Red cells- used to treat anaemia, severe bleeding. Platelets- to stop bleeding, used in ICU or cancer treatment Fresh frozen plasma or cryoprecipitate- used for replacing clotting factors and rarely other blood proteins. Used in ICU or liver disease patients Blood donations are always tested for? Infection Hep B & C HIV & AIDS Syphilis ABO group Rh type Blood group antibodies