NCCT Phlebotomy Review 4 Questions and Answers

NCCT Phlebotomy Review 4 Questions and Answers Part I. Questions and Reference provides practice questions that can be self-scored and a list of references that contain additional study material. The best way to use this part of the booklet is to answer the questions BEFORE looking at the answer key. That makes this exercise about testing yourself rather than learning as you go. 1. The forearm vein most commonly used for venipuncture is the . a. median cubital b. basilica c. cephalic d. radial 2. The smallest veins in the human body are known as _ . a. villi b. bronchioles c. venules d. lymph glands 3. The aorta branches into smaller divisions called arteries, which in turn branch into even smaller divisions called . a. capillaries b. arterioles c. venules d. lymph glands 4. Characteristics of capillaries include . a. having thin-walls b. forming microscopic pathways c. connecting arterioles with venules d. all of the above 5. Within the capillaries, blood cell functions include . a. releasing oxygen b. binding carbon dioxide c. eliminating waste d. all of the above 6. The heart, lymphatic organs, and blood vessels are in the system. a. respiratory b. cardiovascular c. digestive d. urinary 7. The suffix – URIA- at the end of the medical term refers what body fluid? a. blood b. urine c. CSF d. synovial fluid 8. The study of blood is known as . a. hematology b. hematoxylin c. hemoglobin d. hemolysis 9. The liver, stomach, mouth and pancreas are in the system a. reproductive b. sensory c. digestive d. muscular 10. The most important step to ensure accuracy in sample collection is . a. recording the time accurately b. by always wearing gloves c. keeping the patient supine d. identifying the patient properly 11. The bladder, urethra, kidneys, and ureters are in the system. a. urinary b. reproductive c. respiratory d. muscular 12. The trachea, nose, lungs and pharynx are in the system. a. skeletal b. respiratory c. nervous d. sensory 13. The sebaceous glands, skin hair and nails are in the system. a. nervous b. cardiovascular c. sensory d. integumentary 14. The body system that is a primary regulator of hormones is the system a. reproductive b. endocrine c. integumentary d. cardiovascular 15. Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes are types of . a. red blood cells b. coagulation factors c. anticoagulants d. white blood cells 16. The common name for the thrombocyte is the . a. red blood cell b. white blood cell c. bone marrow d. platelet 17. The liquid portion of an anticoagulated blood sample is known as . a. serum b. clot c. plasma d. hematocrit 18. The instrument that measures blood pressure is called a . a. sphygmomanometer b. hydration barometer c. temperature probe d. co-oximeter 19. An artery can be distinguished from a vein because an artery will be . a. harder b. pulsating c. a different color d. softer 20. Lancets are used to collect blood samples by . a. venipuncture b. arterial puncture c. venous accession devices d. capillary or skin puncture 21. The abbreviation VAD is commonly used in hospitals to refer to . a. venous anesthetic devices b. venous access devices c. various anesthetic devices d. variable antiseptic dilutions 22. To determine the size of the needle, remember that the higher the gauge, the . a. longer the needle length b. smaller the needle bore c. shorter the needle length d. larger the needle bore 23. Adult capillary punctures most often involve use of the finger(s). a. second (index) b. little (fifth) c. third and fourth (middle and ring) d. second and third (index and middle) 24. A centrifuge is used in a clinical laboratory setting to . a. sort tubes of different colors b. store tubes at correct temperatures c. measure blood oxygen levels d. separate liquid from cells in blood 25. The oral glucose tolerance test is used for detection of . a. hepatitis b. diabetes c. mononucleosis d. aids 26. Use a -topped evacuated tube for collection of blood for a CBC test. a. black b. lavender c. red d. blue 27. Use a -topped evacuated tube for collection of blood for electrolyte testing. a. yellow b. red c. blue d. lavender 28. Use a topped evacuated tube for collection of blood for cholesterol testing. a. red b. yellow c. blue d. lavender 29. Sodium citrate is an anticoagulant of choice for coagulation studies because it protects . a. clotting factors b. red blood cells c. white blood cells d. enzyme inhibitors 30. When preparing a blood smear directly from a skin puncture, it is best to . a. use plastic slides instead of glass b. make it as thick as possible c. wipe away the first drop of blood d. add sodium citrate to the blood The order of draw recommended by the CLSI (2007) for these tubes is . 31. First a. orange 32. Second b. glycolytic inhibitor (gray) 33. Third c. coagulation tube (blue) 34. Fourth d. serum tubes (red) w/or w/o clot activator or gel 35. Fifth e. blood culture tube 36. Sixth f. heparin tube w/ or w/o gel plasma separator (green) g. EDTA (lavender) Put these 10 selected phlebotomy steps in the correct order: 37. Greet and identify the patient a. 1st 38. Insert the needle b. 2nd 39. Cleanse the venipuncture site c. 3rd 40. Explain the procedure to the patient d. 4th 41. Anchor the vein e. 5th 42. Collect Blood in Vacuum tubes f. 6th 43. Label tubes g. 7th 44. Dispose of needle h. 8th 45. Remove tourniquet i. 9th 46. Assemble equipment j. 10th 47. The purpose of doing blood cultures is to detect . a. anemia b. cholesterol c. cancer d. septicemia 48. Anticoagulants are used to . a. fight infection b. prevent blood from clotting c. neutralize stomach acid d. inhibit bacterial growth 49. White blood cells help the body by . a. carrying oxygen to the tissue b. collecting waste products c. defending against foreign invaders d. assisting in hemostasis 50. Platelets help the circulation by . a. carrying oxygen b. collecting waste products c. defending against foreign invaders d. participating in hemostasis 51. When blood seeps into the surrounding tissue during a venipuncture, a may form. a. petechia b. carbuncle c. hematoma d. hemolysis 52. In a patient with a clotting disorder, pressure should be applied to the puncture site for at least after venipuncture to insure blood stoppage. a. 3 minutes b. 5 minutes c. 7 minutes d. 10 minutes 53. Skin punctures may be indicated for use when . a. the patient is an infant, toddler, or preschooler b. only a small amount of blood is needed c. patient veins need o be preserved for iv therapy d. all of the above 54. All specimens should be labeled with . a. patient’s name (and numeric id) b. date and time the specimen was drawn c. collector’s initials d. all of the above 55. When performing a skin puncture, squeezing the finger too tightly may dilute the blood with and ruin the test. a. swab particles b. alcohol c. skin particles d. tissue fluid 56. One test often used to assess hemostasis before surgery is . a. blood culture b. hemoglobin c. platelet count d. bleeding time 57. One possible cause of unexpected clotting in an anticoagulated blood tube might be . a. use plastic slides instead of glass b. make it as thick as possible c. wipe away the first drop of blood d. add sodium citrate to the blood 58. When performing a venipuncture, position the bevel of the needle . a. facing up b. facing down c. turned sideways d. none of the above 59. If blood does not appear in an evacuated tube upon venipuncture, a phlebotomist’s first course of action should be to . a. pop the tourniquet and tie it tighter b. pull the needle out and start over c. slightly reposition the needle d. push the needle further up the lumen 60. Redirecting a needle during venipuncture is sometimes necessary when . a. the vein was not properly anchored b. the patient moves unexpectedly c. blood flow starts, and then stops d. all of the above 61. A vein might be prone to collapse if the . 1. vacuum tube is too large for vein 2. syringe plunger was pulled back too quickly 3. vacuum tube lost its vacuum 4. tourniquet was too tight a. 1, 2, 3, 4 b. 1, 2, 3 c. 3, 4 d. 1, 2 62. Hemolysis would cause rejection of a sample collected for testing. a. potassium b. pregnancy c. rubella d. pyruvate 63. If a patient is prone to syncope during venipuncture, the phlebotomist should . a. cancel the order entirely b. tie the tourniquet tighter c. watch in case of fainting d. use caffeine as a stimulant 64. A tube of blood that arrives in the laboratory without a label must be . a. labeled by the phlebotomist b. labeled by the doctor c. labeled by the nurse d. rejected automatically 65. If a blood sample should be collected 2 hours post-prandial, the phlebotomist should collect the sample . a. 2 hours after a meal b. 2 hours before bedtime c. 2 hours after wake-up d. 2 hours before a meal 66. Knowing when to collect peak and trough levels is important when drawing . a. blood cultures b. therapeutic drugs c. cortisol levels d. estrogen levels 67. A pre-warming technique may be used to . a. keep the patient warm during phlebotomy b. warm the vacuum tubes for testing c. increase patient’s tendency to bleed d. separate plasma from formed elements 68. The role of all anticoagulants is ultimately to prevent formation of . a. Fibrin b. Factor VII c. Platelets d. Collagen 69. The anticoagulant EDTA works by . a. binding prothrombin b. lysis of red blood cells c. inactivating thrombin d. binding calcium 70. If the tourniquet is not released before the needle is withdrawn from the arm during venipuncture, this will most likely result in . a. Bleeding from the site b. Syncope in the phlebotomist c. Bruising at the base of the arm d. Inaccurate test results 71. Which of these test samples are light sensitive? a. Arterial blood gases b. Ammonia c. Bilirubin d. ACTH 72. The must be followed exactly whenever drawing patient test samples that may be used in a legal proceeding. a. Chain of command b. Chain of custody c. Standard deviation d. Coefficient of variation 73. The anticoagulant SPS (sodium polyanetholesulfonate) is recommended for use in blood cultures because it . a. is less expensive than most b. has a longer half-life than most c. does not inhibit bacterial growth d. is completely biodegradable 74. Before entering an inpatient room if the door is closed the phlebotomist should always . a. knock b. ask for permission to enter c. check for isolation signage d. all of the above 75. Before entering designed isolation rooms phlebotomists should always . a. put on masks and foot coverings b. put on gowns and tie them c. check requirements on signs d. call a nurse of physician 76. The single most important means of preventing the spread of infection in a hospital is by . a. wearing gowns b. hand washing c. using disposables d. keeping rooms clean 77. The most prevalent type of nosocomial infections are those of the . a. skin b. digestive tract c. gastrointestinal tract d. urinary tract 78. Phlebotomists have a statistically greater chance of contracting in a work-related incident than they do of contracting AIDS. a. mononucleosis b. hepatitis c. cancer d. Strep throat 79. AIDS is caused by . a. parasites b. HIV virus c. bacteria d. kissing 80. When performing heelsticks on infants in a hospital nursery, it is important never to . a. wash your hands b. share supplies from one infant to another c. wake up a sleeping infant d. touch the infant in any way 81. When delivering blood samples to a laboratory, they should always be transported . a. inside sealed plastic bags b. inside triple-sealed plastic bags c. inside brown paper sacks d. individually boxed 82. If a biohazard spills in the laboratory, a phlebotomist should first try to . a. call a physician to the site b. wash his or her hands c. contain the spill safely d. pull the fire alarm 83. According to OSHA, a contaminated needle may be safely discarded into a . a. hard sided rash can b. sharps container c. plastic cup d. all of the above 84. In most hospitals, a phlebotomist with a cough may draw blood from a patient provided the . a. patient is not in reverse isolation b. phlebotomist wears a mask c. phlebotomist does not have a fever d. all of the above 85. When drawing blood from pediatric inpatients, a phlebotomist can increase safety for the patients by . a. getting help to hold the patent securely during the draw b. using a smaller bore needle and small collection tubes c. making sure the bedrails are left raised if found that way d. all of the above 86. To eliminate bacteria from the skin of a bacterial culture venipuncture site, is sometimes used in addition to alcohol in the skin cleansing process. a. chlorine bleach b. iodine c. aspirin d. ammonia 87. The term that refers to right and wrong conduct is . a. empathy b. sympathy c. ethics d. rights 88. An unlawful threat or attempt to do bodily injury to another is . a. litigation b. assault c. crime d. libel 89. Law protects the health worker if it can be determined that he or she acted reasonably as compared with fellow workers; this is called . a. negligence b. reasonable care c. duty of care d. statute 90. Negligence by a professional person is called . a. invasion of privacy b. slander c. malpractice d. tort 91. The ability to see things from another person’s point of view is . a. consent b. sympathy c. empathy d. ethics 92. A violation of a person’s right not to have his or her name, photograph, or private affairs made public without giving consent is . a. false imprisonment b. malpractice c. invasion of privacy d. statute 93. Information given by a patient to medical personnel that cannot be disclosed without consent constitutes . a. duty of care b. negligence c. judgment d. privileged communication 94. Failure to do something a reasonable person would do under ordinary circumstances, or doing something a reasonable person would not do under ordinary circumstances thereby causing hard to another person is called . a. malpractice b. negligence c. slander d. defamation 95. Permission granted by a person voluntarily (and in his right mind) is . a. consent b. litigation c. breach d. duty of care 96. A phlebotomist who attempts to draw blood without sufficient training could be accused of if the procedure is performed incorrectly, causing harm to the patient. a. duty of care b. abandonment c. negligence d. incompetence 97. Forcing venipuncture on a patient who has refused it would be considered . a. assault b. battery c. slander d. contributory negligence 98. The branch of study of moral issues, questions, and problems arising in the practice of medicine and biomedical research is called . a. bioethics b. litigation c. biocommunications d. privileged communication 99. Conduct, courtesy, and manners, customary in the medical profession, is called . a. ethics b. judgment c. tort d. medical etiquette 100. Each and every patient is entitled to as a part of his/her patient rights. a. respect and complete care b. what he can afford c. how much insurance he has d. what his family can afford 101. Some suggested methods for controlling on the job stress during phlebotomy might include . a. reading the newspaper while working b. drinking lots of coffee c. taking deep breaths if anxious d. screaming to rid oneself of anger 102. An appropriate means of communicating with a patient who is profoundly hearing impaired might include . a. ignoring the patient entirely b. talking only to a hearing relative c. using written communication d. trying to speak a little louder 103. I performing phlebotomy on children, it is best to . a. talk softly and gently b. enlist the help of parents c. tell the truth if asked d. all of the above 104. In approaching an elderly patient, it is appropriate to call the patient by name using . a. Miss, Mrs., or Mr. b. his/her first name c. his/her nick name d. something like “honey” 105. A patient who is making a fist and frowning is exhibiting body language. a. positive b. compliant c. excited d. uncooperative 106. A rubber or plastic tube used to drain or inject fluid through a body opening is called . a. injection b. venipuncture c. catheter d. none of the above 107. A 24-hour urine specimen must be kept . a. warm b. frozen c. refrigerated d. at room temperature 108. A chronic disease in which the pancreas fails to secrete enough insulin is called . a. high blood pressure b. diabetes mellitus c. A.I.D.S. d. renal disease 109. The purpose of the bleeding time test is to assess . a. platelet plug formation in the capillaries b. the pressure of the blood vessels c. elasticity in the major blood vessels d. the amount of blockage in the veins 110. Diurnal rhythms refer to variations in the body’s functions or fluids that occur during . a. nighttime b. every 24 hours c. cyclically once per month d. sleep 111. EMLA is an emulsion of lidocaine and prilocaine that can be used to . a. sterilize a venipuncture site b. anticoagulate whole blood c. topically anesthetize a draw site d. what his family can afford 112. Another name for red blood cells is . a. platelets b. leukocytes c. bone marrow d. erythrocytes 113. The artery located in the groin, lateral to the femur bone which is used as an alternative site for arterial blood gas collections is the . a. radial b. ulnar c. carotid d. femoral 114. The federal law that was expanded in 2000 to protect the confidentiality of electronically stored health information is abbreviated as . a. CLIA b. HIPAA c. OSHA d. EPA 115. The study of all aspects of disease in the body is known as . a. phlebotomy b. hematology c. histology d. pathology 116. The phase of laboratory testing that refers to test orders, test collection and test sample preparation are all part of the phase. a. exponential b. pre-analytical c. testing d. post-prandial 117. A patient in reverse isolation has been so placed because s/he . a. needs protection from others carrying infection b. has tuberculosis or a similar respirator disease c. needs to keep all blood and body fluids away from staff d. has an infection in a wound or atop the skin Match these common laboratory abbreviations or terms as appropriate. 118. EDTA a. custody and control form b. arterial blood gases 119. NaCirate c. complete blood count d. hemoglobin and hematocrit 120. ABG e. gray top tube f. anticoagulant in blue top tubes 121. FUO g. center for disease control h. blood culture tube 122. STD i. quantity controlled j. red top or speckled tube 123. H&H k. quality control l. quality assurance 124. CBC m. fever of unknown origin n. already been gathered 125. Electrolytes o. for use of others p. anticoagulant in lavender top tubes 126. QC q. sexually transmitted diseases 127. CDC 128. are contaminated objects that can penetrate the skin including, but not limited to needles, scalpels, broken glass, broken capillary tubes, and exposed ends of dental wires. a. Infectious waste materials b. Disposable devices c. Contaminated sharps d. Dangerous incisors 129. Reasonable possibility of skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of an employee’s regular duties is termed . a. occupational exposure b. biohazardous probability c. job-related infestation d. professional acquisition 130. All of the following are examples of “Personal Protective Equipment” except . a. uniforms b. gloves c. aprons d. masks 131. To use a physical-chemical procedure to destroy all microbial life including highly resistant bacterial endospores is to . a. eradicate b. toxify c. sterilize d. acid wash 132. is the single most important source of HIV and HBV in the workplace. a. Semen b. Saliva in dental procedures c. Pleural fluid d. Blood 133. OSHA requires that training and educational information on bloodborne pathogens be provided to hospital or clinical employees . a. in large workplaces only b. at no cost to them c. only if they request it d. if anyone has had an accident 134. All workers whose jobs involve participation in tasks or activities with exposure to blood or other body fluids, to which universal precautions apply, should be vaccinated with a vaccine. a. human immunodeficiency b. hepatitis C c. small pox d. hepatitis B