ATI TEAS 7 Science Questions with complete top solutions

ATI TEAS 7 Science Questions with complete top solutions 1. Which of the following structures in the male reproductive system secretes a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm? A) Urethra B) Prostate gland C) Vas deferens D) Epididymis B) Prostate gland 2. Which of the following parts of the central nervous system releases chemicals that regulate the pituitary gland? A) Cerebellum B) Hypothalamus C) Spinal cord D) Thalamus B) Hypothalamus 3. Which of the following body systems is the primary system involved in preventing an infection when a cut in the skin allows bacteria to enter the body ? A) The immune system B) The endocrine system C) The excretory system D) The circulatory system A) The immune system 4. Which of the following skin layers contains dead cells? A) Papillary layer B) Stratum basale C) Stratum corneum D) Reticular layer C) Stratum corneum 5. Which of the following statements describes how bile salts aid during digestion? A) Decrease the size of starches to aid in digestion B) Increase the size of fat droplets to aid in digestion C) Increase the size of starches to aid in digestion D) Decrease the size of fat droplets to aid in digestion D) Decrease the size of fat droplets to aid in digestion 6. When experimental results seem to only partly support a hypothesis, a researcher should consider which of the following? A) Formulating a scientific law B) Manipulating the data C) Exploring alternative explanations D) Accounting for other researchers biases D) Accounting for other researchers biases 7. Which of the following stem cells can differentiate into the largest number of different cell types? A) Somatic B) Unipotent C) Oligopotent D) Pluripotent D) Pluripotent 8. Scientists rely on which of the following to provide critical feedback when revising scientific explanation? A) Peer review B) Null hypothesis C) Dogma D)Opinion A) Peer review 9. Which of the following organs releases bicarbonate as response to the release of secretin by the duodenum? A) Gallbladder B) Spleen C) Pancreas D) Liver C) Pancreas 10. emphysema caused by damage to alveoli from toxins and pollutants is likely to result in the body having difficulty performing which of the following actions ? A) Releasing histamine and acetylcholine B) Producing enzymes C) Absorbing food D) Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide D) Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide 11. Which of the following properties of water explains its solvent abilities for certain substances? A) High surface tension B) Kinetic energy of liquid water molecules C) High specific heat D) Polarity of water molecules D) Polarity of water molecules 12. Which of the following pathways best represents the expected flow of blood from the human heart to an organ? A) Blood pumped from the heart first enters arterioles that then merge to form arteries that deliver blood to the organ B) Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form arterioles that deliver blood to capillaries of the organ C) Blood pumped from the heart first enters veins that then narrow to form venules that deliver blood to arteries of the organ D) Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form veins that deliver blood to the organ B) Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form arterioles that deliver blood to capillaries of the organ 13. Using the equation pH= - log [H+], a solution with a [H+] = 10^9 M has a pH of which of the following? A) 1 B) 9 C) 10 D) 5 B) 9 14. Which of the following types of bonds link base pair nucleotides within a double strand of DNA? A) Covalent B) Peptide C) Ionic D) Hydrogen D) Hydrogen 15. Metabolism is known as which of the following types of respiration? A) Pulmonary B) External C) Cellular D) Internal C) Cellular 16. Which of the following regions of the body are the tibia and fibula? A) Tarsal B) Antecubital C) Crural D) Coxal C) Crural 17. Which of the following digestive system structures releases sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine, resulting in a change in the pH of chyme from acidic to basic? A) Gallbladder B) Pancreas C) Liver D) Appendix B) Pancreas 18. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Which of the following describes the resulting osmosis? A) There is a net flow of water into the cell B) The net flow of water into and out of the cell is zero . C) There is no flow of water. D) There is a net flow of water out of the cell. D) There is a net flow of water out of the cell. 19. Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius? A) Si B) C C) Ge D) Sn B) C 20. An efficient way to block protein synthesis is by inhibiting which of the following? A) Ribosomes B) Glyoxysomes C) Apoplasts D) Lysosomes A) Ribosomes 21. A student conducts an experiment in which he dissolves 1.0 grams () each of several substances in 50 millimeters (mL) of water. He has 12 identical plastic cups of water. He places 1.0 g of salt into three of the cups,1.0 g of sugar into three of the cups, and 1.0 g of baking soda into three of the cups. The three remaining cups contain only water. He places all the cups in a freezer and records the temperature of the water in each cup every 15 minutes for 4 hours . Which of the following questions is the student most likely investigating? A) How does the volume of water affect the rate at which it cools ? B) What effect does cooling have on the solubility of different solutes ? C) How is the cooling rate of water affected by different solutes ? D) What effect do different concentrations of solute have on the freezing point of water ? C) How is the cooling rate of water affected by different solutes ? 22. In a plant in which fuzzy leaves (F) are dominant smooth leaves (f), which of following crosses will produce only offspring with smooth leaves? A) FF X FF B) Ff X Ff C) ff X ff D) Ff X ff C) ff X ff 23. Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system? A) To manufacture antibodies B) To break down toxins C) To produce insulin D) To transport hormones A) To manufacture antibodies 24. In a double circulation system, which of the following describes a possible pathway of blood flow through the pulmonary circulatory system? A) Oxygenated blood flows toward the heart from the lungs. B) Deoxygenated blood flows from organs and tissues of the body to the heart. C) Oxygenated blood flows throughout the body . D) Deoxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the heart A) Oxygenated blood flows toward the heart from the lungs. 25. A doctor explains that a patient has pulled a muscle in his back. Which of the following could injured in a patient's back? A) Latissimus dorsi B) Zygomaticus C) Adductor magnus D) Gastrocnemius A) Latissimus dorsi 26. Which of the following hormones increases the heart rate in response to stress? A) Epinephrine B) Insulin C) Testosterone D) Glutamate A) Epinephrine 27. Histones are proteins associated with which of the following? A) Sperm cells B) DNA C) Hair follicles D) Blood B) DNA 28. Which of the following cellular organelles releases the energy contained in food? A) Golgi apparatus B) Mitochondria C) Ribosomes D) Centrioles B) Mitochondria 29. Which of the following describes a process that occurs along the proximal tubules of a nephron? A) Glucose , lactate , and amino acids are reabsorbed . B) Toxins in the filtrate are detoxified . C) Urea is actively reabsorbed . D) Altered filtrate leaves the urinary system and the body . A) Glucose , lactate , and amino acids are reabsorbed . 30. Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system? A) Storage of fat B) Release of minerals C) Production of antibodies D) Absorption of water A) Storage of fat 31. A study found two processes , Process A and Process B, to be correlated . Which of the following is true for these processes ? A) The study cannot indicate whether Process A and B have a negative relationship. B) The study indicates that Process A causes Process B. C) The study does not indicate a causal relationship between the processes . D) The study cannot indicate whether Process A and B have a positive relationship C) The study does not indicate a causal relationship between the processes . 32. Which of the following types of cells suppress immune responses ? A) Regulatory T-cells B) Neutrophils C) Plasma cells D) Macrophages A) Regulatory T-cells 33. Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system ? A) Autonomic nervous system and central nervous system B) Peripheral nervous system and somatic nervous system C) Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system D) Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system D) Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system 34. Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formations ammonia? A) Urea B) Lysozymes C) Sebum D) Water A) Urea 35. A student investigating the importance of wavelengths above and below the visible spectrum for photosynthesis sets up an over a 2-month period , all with illumination at meter distance from plants grown with the same soil and watering conditions . 3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to ultraviolet light (UV) 3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to infrared light (IR) 3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to white light At the end of the experiment , she finds that the IR treated plants are scorched , the UV treated plants have , the plants are growing normally . Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct ? A) Three plants do not provide sufficient replications to draw a conclusion . B) Infrared light contains more energy than the other wavelengths . C) Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups D) The wavelength of light does not affect photosynthesis . C) Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups 36. Which of the following hormones is responsible for regulating sodium reabsorption in the kidneys? A) Thyroxine B) Erythropoietin C) Calcitriol D) Aldosterone D) Aldosterone 37. How many times stronger is the hydrogen-ion concentration of a pH 4 solution as compared with a pH 9 solution? A) 5 B) 100,000 C) 0. D) 50 B) 100,000 38. Which of the following describes the order of events in which bone heal? A) A hematoma form — bony callus forms—a fibrocartilage callus forms—bone remodeling occurs B) A bony callus forms — hematoma forms — a fibrocartilage callus forms — bone remodeling occurs C) A hematoma forms — a fibrocartilage callus forms — a bony callus forms —bone remodeling occurs D) A fibrocartilage callus forms — hematoma forms - bone remodeling occurs — a bony callus forms C) A hematoma forms — a fibrocartilage callus forms — a bony callus forms —bone remodeling occurs 39. Which of the following types of cells are most similar in function to cytotoxic T-cells? A) Antigen -presenting cells B) B cells C) Dendritic cells D) Natural killer cells D) Natural killer cells 40. Which of the following organs filters excess solutes from the blood? A) Kidney B) Gallbladder C) Spleen D) Stomach A) Kidney 41. Ice cubes are placed in a glass of water to cool water. The cooling effect the ice cubes on the water is due to the heat being transferred in which of the following ways? A) From the ice to the water by conduction B) From the water to the ice by conduction C) From the water to the ice by radiation D) From the ice to the water by radiation B) From the water to the ice by conduction 42. Which of the following describes the function of a neuron ? A) Stores potassium ions B) Produces electrolytes C) Creates electrical impulses D) Transmits sensory information D) Transmits sensory information 43. Sunlight can damage epithelial cells of the skins, but limited exposure to ultraviolet radiation results in the beneficial production of which of the Following? A) Vitamin D B) Vitamin B C) Vitamin K D) Vitamin A A) Vitamin D 44. Which of the following body systems breaks down proteins into amino acids? A) Excretory B) Endocrine C) Circulatory D) Digestive D) Digestive 45. Which of the following occurs during inhalation? A) The diaphragm moves downward . B) The volume of the thoracic cavity decreases . C) Air moves from areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure . D) The ribcage lowers . A) The diaphragm moves downward . 46. The process by which gametes combine to form a zygote is called which of the following? A) Mitosis B) Meiosis C) Fertilization D) Parthenogenesis C) Fertilization 47. Which of the following types of membrane is associated with the skin ? A) Serous B) Synovial C) Cutaneous D) Peritoneum A) Serous